Along the Frontage Road Free Essay Example, 1000 words

It became to him the baby sister whose funeral awaited them back at their house. The narrator was trying to escape from this loss however, his son Nicky tried to fill his own void by remembering his small sister Kate through that small shriveled up pumpkin, which he had found from the patch. Nicky had obviously associated the small pumpkin, which he had picked up from the patch as his own small sister who had passed away. He felt insanely protective about that pumpkin and therefore he felt that they should not cut the pumpkin for Halloween. The pain of his sudden loss was still freshly engraved in his mind therefore; he did not want to harm the pumpkin. He associated this small harmless pumpkin with his own sister. He wanted to recover the loss that he had experienced earlier in his life. This was the reason that he felt strangely protective about this pumpkin. This was the exact reason why Nicky did not want to cut open the pumpkin and he was also very upset at the thought of cutting it open. We will write a custom essay sample on Along the Frontage Road or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Andre’s function in the story is to make the narrator realize the feelings and grieving of his own son. Often it so happens that parents do not realize the feelings of their own children. This is because of the closeness to them. The closeness blurs the vision of the parents and the fail to realize the perspective of their own children. However when they see the same treatment being carried out by someone else to their children they realize their mistake. This is because the distance gives them the perspective to think about the situation rationally. Andre serves the same function in this story. It is when Andrà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s father starts misbehaving and mistreating with him only then does the narrator realize that he too was being unnecessary harsh on Nicky for forcing him to cut open that small pumpkin. The narrator had forgotten that although Nicky was small child he too had feelings. He too understood the matters relating to life and death. In the end Chabon seems to be telling that often parents do not understand their own children. They are so much engrossed in their own thoughts that they fail to grasp and think about what their children might be thinking. This was the case, which had happened with narrator and his son Nicky. He was so engrossed with his own grief that he failed to realize that that much had this incident traumatized his small son. To face the death of his sister at such a tender age is very painful. Therefore when the narrator finally allowed his son to name the pumpkin Kate, Nicky replied that he wanted Kate to have the pumpkin because she could not even live.

Inception And The Prestige Film Analysis - 1835 Words

Christopher Nolan is credited as being an illusionist in the way that he directs his films. Inception and The Prestige are two of his films that will keep you pausing and rewinding for the duration while you try to keep up with the complex story lines and mind bending conclusions. Both films share a dark and sinister vibe,putting them amongst the neo noir genre of films, and The Prestige being set in an ominous, turn of the century London, and Inception based around extracting thoughts from the depth of minds it is no wonder they follow such shadowy themes. The scene from The Prestige that I will be analysing takes place in a field in Colorado Springs, where Angier and Tesla s assistant both observe a field of illuminated light bulbs†¦show more content†¦Prior to this scene, the majority of the movie has a very dark, shadowy tone to it. The scenes where the magicians are in their 1850’s London homes/workshops or theatres were set with a very woody, dark color palate, as most homes and furniture were wooden in that time period. This is why I believe there is significance in the light bulb field scene. Angier has been made a fool of throughout his career, with Borden sabotaging his shows every chance he can. I believe that the light bulbs in this scene are used to show Angier has made a breakthrough in his quest to become the better magician, and has developed past his days of trapdoors and canaries. Leading up to this scene you won t see any light as bright as those in the field, which I believe is Nolans way of introduc ing Nikolas Tesla and his science to the film, and developing the idea that it is a significant moment in Angiers career. His use of the bright man made light and the large number of bulbs there are in the field shows the complexity of Tesla s work, and that Angier is dealing with serious science and technology. I believe that the use of a nonlinear storyline, which is done throughout Nolan s films, helps to tell the story in more depth. By jumping back and forth between time periods, it can give the viewer a deeper understanding of theShow MoreRelatedMarketing Strategies for Bmw3197 Words   |  13 Pagesand BMW Z4 M. Well I agree with the below statement which is being provided by BMW group which states that the BMW offers emotional product to the customers this could be seen or felt with their current marketing strategies also with their SWOT analysis, PLC and as well as Research and Development.We offer our customers emotional products, which through the strength of the brand and the substance of the product fulfil the customer’s wish for individualisation and differentiations†. 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Victoria Taxi and Innovation for Transport and Miscellaneous Act

Question: Discuss about theVictoria Taxi and Innovation for Transport and Miscellaneous Act. Answer: Introduction Business organization refers to the group of individuals that work together in order to achieve the same goals and objectives. In order to increase the productivity and growth of the business, business organizations come up with new innovation strategies that would be effective to improve the business operations (Newstead et al., 2015). The assignment will elucidate on the innovations and strategy of the Victorian Taxi Association that would also focus on the internal and external factors of the business environment. Discussion The Victorian Taxi Association is composed with important taxi businesses that aim to provide taxi services to its customers twenty-four hours a day and also including the public holidays. The Victorian Taxi Association is regarded as the public transport mode that was regulated and operated by the Victorian Government under the act Transport and Miscellaneous Act, 1983. With the help of this act, the Government ensures the safety and service delivery of the customers and ensures that drivers should provide better services to the customers of Victoria (Chan et al., 2016). In order to operate the business, the taxi drivers hold accreditation in respect to the Government in order to drive taxis in more than one license areas in Victoria. Apart from this, the Victorian Taxi Association consist over 95% of the taxi drivers and the members within this association are eligible for holding many accreditations that include permit holders, taxi license and more. However, the corporate service of Victoria is associated with the VTA, in order to provide advice and support for improving the business structure (Robinson et al., 2016). It also has a separate Marketing and Stakeholder Engagement Team that communicates with the public and with other stakeholders regarding any issues that might arise in the public domain. The Legal and the Regulatory services mainly composed of two separate teams that include Legal Teams and the Enforcement and the Fraud Control Team that deals with the legal procedures. The Internal factors of the business organization will help to identify the impact of success and major threats and opportunities within the business. The Internal factors of VTA are as follows. Strength: The Victorian Taxi Association is a well recognized brand in Australia, as it provides high standard of values and services to its customers (Ledesma Lpez, 2018). Moreover the operation cost of VTA is very low as it mainly relies on the direct interaction between the customers and the drivers. Weakness: One of the major weakness of the Victoria Taxi association is thee low customer satisfaction that results in the decline in the business growth rate. Moreover, it also has insufficient support for the drivers, as many poor skilled drivers are hired who have less knowledge about their job role. Opportunities: Rise in the number of more drivers helps in reducing the estimated time of arrival of cabs and customers do not need to wait for longer hours (Hemmings Park, 2017). With the introduction of the electric cars, the VTA can reduce their operational cost and at the same time could increase the profit margin of drivers. Threats: The major threat the Victoria Taxi association receives is from the Uber cabs in Victoria and accordingly increase in competition will decrease profit margin. This would discourage many taxi drivers from joining the association. The external factors of the Victoria Taxi Association are as discussed below: Political Factor: With various policies and regulations imposed by the Victorian Government, it becomes difficult for Victoria Taxi Association for operating its business (Thakur, Kinghorn Grace, 2016). Moreover, The Government imposed industry-wide changes, but the taxi drivers were critical with Government compensation as it would not cover the amount they paid for licenses. Economic Factor: The VTA has been facing major losses from the past five years and moreover, instead of reaping profits from previous losses, it is focussing on expanding business in new market. Social Factor: Easy availability of services makes it popular among its customers and direct interaction of customers with the drivers makes it easy and simple (Yang et al., 2016). Moreover, on experiencing rides, customers also share their ride experiences on social site that enables the Business to improve its strategy. Technological Factor: With the help of advent technologies, customers are able to book their rides and accordingly could share their experiences. In the recent times, the Victoria Taxi Association is facing major risk from their drivers, when the customers started complaining and sharing their horrible ride experiences on social sites. It has been stated that customers faced sexual harassment by the driver during their on-going ride, sometimes the drivers felt asleep while driving. This risk factor has a negative impact on the business as it reduced its growth and profit from the past few years (Zhang et al., 2015). Apart from this, with the increasing rise from its competitors such as Uber, the business is facing major challenges such as majority of the customers started preferring Uber than Taxi, as this had reduced the number of customers. Prior to that, with the implementation of various rules and regulations by the by the Victorian Government, such as increasing the tax rate of the driver, has lowered the margin profit of the taxi drivers. In order to incur from the risk factor, the Victoria Taxi Association came up with innovative strategies so that they could get back their potential customers and at the same time could also increase their profit and growth (Thakur, Kinghorn Grace, 2016). The VTA introduced training session for their taxi drivers so that they could be aware of the results of misconduct with the customers and apart from them, training would be provide to enhance the driving skills and knowledge of the customers. However, in order to increase their growth and revenue, The Victoria Taxi Association implemented loyalty program, that means customers who are loyal to the business would be provided with the best drivers, and accordingly the loyal customers will be provided with gift cards and vouchers. Online loyalty program have also been incorporated in order to boost the retention of customers, for the benefits of the business organization (Chan et al., 2016). The most important strategy of the Victoria Taxi Association is an Omni-Channel Approach that makes its services seamless, so that customers can enjoy every moment of their rides. In order to remain competitive in the business market, the strategies mentioned above would help them to increase their business growth. However, the Victoria Taxi Association could also expand their business market if they thrive to work only with the committed drivers that would help them to keep their service level high. Apart from that, the taxi business should introduce the current tool for operation so that customers could directly communicate with the drivers (Newstead et al., 2015). For instance they can introduce TaxiStartup Solution that would provide continuous update to the customers regarding their rides. Moreover, for the taxi business their local market is their main target, therefore they could provide better discounts offer, to bring back their targeted customers. Conclusion From the above essay it could be concluded that in order to increase their business in the competitive market, the Victoria Taxi Association should implement those strategies that would help them to bring back their targeted customers. Moreover, providing proper training to the drivers will tend to reduce major risk and accidents, and the Taxi association should also focus on safety of the customers to provide better services to its customers. References Chan, J. W., Chang, V. L., Lau, W. K., Law, L. K., Lei, C. J. (2016). Taxi App Market Analysis in Hong Kong.Journal of Economics, Business and Management,4(3). Harding, S., Kandlikar, M., Gulati, S. (2016). Taxi apps, regulation, and the market for taxi journeys.Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice,88, 15-25. Hemmings, P., Park, T. (2017). Creating good conditions for innovation-driven productivity gains in Australia. Newstead, S., Mulvihill, C., Budd, L., Andrea, C., Fridman, M., Koppel, S., Nheu, N. (2015). and sub-title: Research on the safety implications of taxi and hire car age limits.Safety,90(88.2), 45. Po, F. M., Ledesma, R. D., Lpez, S. S. (2018). The taxi industry: working conditions and health of drivers, a literature review.Transport reviews,38(3), 394-411. Rizan, M., Fadillah, E., RP, A. K. (2015). Influence Of Service Quality And Fare Toward Customer Satisfaction And Its Impact On Customer Loyalty Of Express Taxi In Jakarta.JRMSI-Jurnal Riset Manajemen Sains Indonesia,6(2), 618-638. Robinson, P., Fallon, P., Cameron, H., Crotts, J. C. (Eds.). (2016).Operations management in the travel industry. CABI. Thakur, P., Kinghorn, R., Grace, R. (2016, November). Urban form and function in the autonomous era. InAustralasian Transport Research Forum (ATRF), 38th, 2016, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Wang, X., He, F., Yang, H., Gao, H. O. (2016). Pricing strategies for a taxi-hailing platform.Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review,93, 212-231. Wieland, H., Hartmann, N. N., Vargo, S. L. (2017). Business models as service strategy.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,45(6), 925-943. Yang, Y., Currie, G., Delbosc, A., Peel, V. (2016, November). The Urban public transport experience of Chinese tourists in Melbourne. InAustralasian Transport Research Forum (ATRF), 38th, 2016, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Zhang, D., Sun, L., Li, B., Chen, C., Pan, G., Li, S., Wu, Z. (2015). Understanding taxi service strategies from taxi GPS traces.IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems,16(1), 123-135.

Plato Allegory Of The Cave Essay Example For Students

Plato Allegory Of The Cave Essay if an individual can learn to understand the possibilities outside of the realm of singular understanding, and by exposure to different things, determine new understanding, then Plato would assert that all men have the potential to move from ignorance to knowledge. The basis for the Allegory of the Cave is this: a prisoner is held in a cave for his whole life (since birth), only able to see and experience that which is placed before him. For example, the fire that is used to luminate the cave becomes the center of the world much like our own sun is such a compelling central component, and the prisoner experiences everything that he sees and understands relative to the fire. In conjunction, the fire become a means of visualizing other elements, including exposure to a puppet and the shadows on the wall, and all of these factors make up the specifics of what is known in the world of the prisoner.. Knowledge, then, is not simply sensory based (because the prisoners in the cave, for example, believed they had the knowledge of the fire, the shadows and the cave itself as if these were the only elements in the world that needed to be known), but also extends past our senses into the realm of logical reasoning, constructive reasoning, and a process orientation to learning and developing wisdom. Rather than simply producing information and addressing the learning process and the students in order to bring them into complicity, it is Platos contention that the learning process, the same process that occurs when the prisoner in the cave is allowed to leave and experiences the sun, the moon, trees, and all of lifes sciences and concepts, should be student directe d. The teacher is simply a means by which the student can come into connection with the ways of attaining knowledge, but the process of learning itself must be singular and directed by a personal learning focus. The teacher provides the individual with the means to perceive themselves, to evaluate their nature, and to consider the search for truth as a major aspect of the educational process. Plato believes that the metaphor of the cave, asserting mans ignorance prior to learning, results in the need for a teacher who can provide exposure to different subjects, different perspectives and a range of educational subject areas

Toni MorrisonS Essay Recitatif Essays - Recitatif,

Toni Morrison'S Essay ?Recitatif? Mark Sommers Feldman 11/27/99 Recitatif Toni Morrison's essay, ?Recitatif? is about two girls, Twyla and Roberta, who grow up in an orphanage because their mothers could not properly care for them. The underlying theme in ?Recitatif? deals with racism. An interesting twist is the mystery of the girls' race. Leaving clues, but never stating whether Twyla or Roberta was black or white, Morrison makes it clear that the girls come from different ethnic backgrounds. At one point in the essay Twyla comments, ?that we looked like salt and pepper.? Due to the fact that the story is told in the first person, it seems natural for the reader to associate Twyla with himself/herself. ?Recitatif? proves to be a noteworthy experiment, ?toying? with the reader's emotions and effectively noting stereotypical races and their characteristics. Morrison never states the race of the girls for a purpose: to make the reader form his/her own opinion. The story begins with Twyla's mother dropping her off at the orphanage. There she met Roberta, who became her best friend, bonding because they were not real orphans with ?beautiful dead parents in the sky.? Instead of being ?real? orphans, they were just abandoned kids whose mother's did not want them. Although the girls had few friends, their lives did not lack adventure. For example, they enjoyed spying on the big girls who liked to smoke and dance, and sadly got a laugh out of yelling mean things at Maggie, the woman who couldn't defend herself because she was mute. One of the last times the girls saw each other in the orphanage was the day of the picnic. Shortly after the picnic Roberta's mother came to take her home, marking the first small fracture in their friendship. The next time they saw each other was years later in the restaurant that Twyla worked. Roberta acts coldly towards Roberta partly because she was high off of drugs, on her way to see a Jimi Hendrix concert. Twyla was deeply offended that her former best friend would treat her so badly. Twelve years later they meet again at a grocery store. Roberta married a rich man and was now called Mrs. Benson; she was dressed in dimonds and talked much nicer to Twyla. By this time, Twyla has one child and Roberta has four. Strangely, Roberta acts extremely friendly, like she has met her long lost best friend. Twyla can't hold back her emotions and questions Roberta about their last encounter at the restaurant. Roberta shrugs it off, ?Oh, Twyla, you know how it was in those days: black?white. You know how everything was.? A friendly goodbye and the women go their own separate ways again. The third time they meet is at the school where Roberta's kids attend. Roberta and the other mothers were picke ting because they didn't want their kids to be segregated. This led to a fight that would be not resolved until Twyla and Roberta meet for a final time, severing any last chance of friendship for the women. The problem lies inside the hearts of two special women, two childhood friends, and two different races. ?Recitatif? challenges the reader to not be judgmental toward of the either girls and accept their color. Morrison gives clues to encourage the reader to make assumptions about the girls' race. From the beginning the author asserts that one girl is black and one is white, but not which is which. There are many instances that Morrison uses things that are stereotypically ?black? or ?white,? almost begging one to infer the race of each girl. Although there is no answer to the mystery, what one decides for himself/herself says something about his/her own ethnic background. Morrison thrives off the stereotypes people have set for blacks and whites. For example, Twyla's mother told her that ?those? people smelled funny because they didn't wash their hair. This might suggest that Roberta was black because many black people don't wash their hair often. On the other hand she could have been talking about the orphans not bathing properly which could cause them to smell ?funny.? Everything seems to be a gray area. On the night of the picnic when her mother came to visit, Twyla was embarrassed because

Solutions to Nuclear Power Pla essays

Solutions to Nuclear Power Pla essays Solutions to Nuclear Power Plant Security Twenty-three percent of Americans think that nuclear power plants are the most likely targets for a future attack on American soil (Lake 1). The lack of security protecting our nations nuclear power plants is alarming. The only way to solve this problem is to upgrade the types of weapons used to protect the plants, better training, less work hours for the guards, update the design basis threat, and have nuclear security controlled by an independent government agency. One of the biggest problems in security is that the guards are not able to use a wider range of weapons. The type of weapons the guards use is vastly inferior to the weapons that terrorist are known to use. This is mostly to blame because some states have laws that restrict the kind of weapons and the ammunitions that can be carried by the private security personnel that protect the plants (POGO 3). The NRC, according to Meserve, have asked the states to give the security staff at the nuclear plants more leeway on the types of weapons they can use to protect the facilities (qtd. in Llanos 3). The guards should have access to a wider range of weapons to use like those terrorists are known to use like automatic weapons, M-16s, and grenades. This would create a more even situation between the security guards and the intruders The wider range of weapons would not be beneficial if the guards did not get the proper amount of training. The guards that are protecting the nations power plants are not being trained in using their weapons effectively. The NRCs says that, Each Tactical Response Team member shall requalify at least once every 12 months (U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission 73.46 2). This is all the training that the guards get is this once a year reunification, according to two former Seabrook guards they only received four days of tactical training, and three day...

Democracy and Public Agenda Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Democracy and Public Agenda - Essay Example health insurance program for poor individuals and families, would undergo expansion to cover more low-income Americans. States that declined to take part in this expansion would lose federal subsidy for their existing Medicaid projects (Smith & Moore, 2011). The proposed expansion of Medicaid is consistent with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights’ Article 25, which states that â€Å"everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services† (The United Nations, 1948, para 25). It is also compatible with the democratic principle that all individuals have specific basic rights, such as access to health care services. The main objective of democracy is to safeguard such rights (Machan, 2005). However, the opinions of numerous Americans on this issue are conflicting, which suggest that the public has not yet reached a ‘collective self-determination’. However, what is evident here is the existence of a ‘public discourse’. Majorities believe that the health care system has to undergo comprehensive reforms, and many argue that it is the obligation of the governm ent to make sure that everybody has sufficient access to health care. However, opinions differ when it comes to the possible costs of an expanded Medicaid (Smith & Moore, 2011). If we use the term public discourse to refer to the communicative processes by which public opinion is formed, we can say that the public discourse continuously but unsuccessfully strives to mediate between individual and collective self-determination to produce â€Å"a common will, communicatively shaped and discursively clarified in the political public sphere† (Habermas, 1987, 81). However, through public discourse Americans were able to reach a collective perception that lack of sufficient access to health care is the most

Human Rights and Women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human Rights and Women - Essay Example Women were therefore sexually exploited. Until quite recently, women were relegated to the background in respect of social and economic status, education, politics, health and non - recognition of her unpaid work at home in domestic food production, etc. Until quite recently even in Great Britain, a women's property was considered to belong to her husband. American Women were denied their civil right of suffrage until 1920. In 1960 Women got together to obtain legal equality with men. After the passing of the Civil Rights Act in 1964, women obtained many gains in employment. In 1970, efforts were made by women to change the unfair practices and attitudes towards women in society. In 1970, the U.S. Supreme Court passed a landmark judgment in the case US V Virginia. The Supreme Court decided that Sex Discrimination is unconstitutional unless the state can advance an exceedingly persuasive justification. (Microsoft Corporation, Encarta article Women's Rights, Katrin Schultheiss) The atrocities against women are universal in their prevalence, as attested to by the fact that in the World Human Rights Conference held at Vienna in 1993, special mention was made of these issues.

Global warming and automobile industry Term Paper

Global warming and automobile industry - Term Paper Example It was determined that motor vehicles contributed a very small amount of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere. Hence it was correct to conclude that global warming caused by motor vehicles is a myth. In recent times and modern day world, there has been a lot of concerns on the environment. It is true that the environment is critical for mankind to survive because environment provides most of the resources needed for daily activities. A region’s environment is, to a large extent, determined by the climatic conditions. Climatic conditions are purely determined by nature. There has been claims that mankind is contributing to changes in climatic conditions. Human activities are said to upset nature’s critical balance as far as carbon dioxide emissions are concerned. A lot of blame for global warming has been directed on the transportation sector of the economy. Is it really true that global warming exists because of motor vehicle emissions? The reason for this research is the belief that the automobile industry is the global suspect for global warming. According to Automotive News, this is not true. Research done by climate scientists indicates that global warming was even experienced centuries ago (Brown, 2007) . Evidence has been produced to show that the global temperatures were increasing even before the era of motor vehicle travel. This allegation has created discomfort among players in the automobile industry with some viewing it as a way to control the motor vehicle industry. In an interview with Automotive News, Bob Lutz, the vice chairman of General Motors argues that motor vehicle emissions account for a very tiny percentage of the total green-house gases emissions (Brown, 2007). According to the article automobile manufacturers read a sinister motive from the government. The manufacturers feel that the government wants to blame their industry for global warming so that they can introduce regulations on the s ame and in effect

Music Essays History of Rhythm and Blues

Music Essays History of Rhythm and Blues History of Rhythm and Blues Rhythm and blues was considered strictly black music. Although I am not part of the American culture, I consider my cultural heritage to be somewhat related to this culture. The black culture is a phenomenal subject representing the life style, imagination and accomplishments of people. One of the most outstanding and unique characteristic that makes this culture one of a kind is the music it has produced. Music has a common characteristic that is unique to all cultures throughout the world. However, the music’s form, or style, every culture in history includes music as an important part of everyday life. The four most popular categories of Black music are Blues, Jazz, Gospel, and Rhythm and Blues. Blues is an African American music that transverses a wide range of emotions and musical styles which is expressed in songs that verse injustice or express longing for a better life and lost loves, jobs, and money. Jazz is music that consists of musical instruments such as saxophone s, flutes, and clarinets. Gospel music refers to African American Protestant vocal music that celebrates Christine Doctrine in emotive. Rhythm and Blues is a combination of the swinging rhythm of jazz and other â€Å"race† music with the lyrical content, sonic gestures, and with the format of the blues. Today I want to focus on Rhythm and Blues and the influence it has made on the black culture, and discuss the three major forms that made Rhythm and Blues distinguishable, and how it has change from jazzy/blues to hip hop/rap. Rhythm and Blues music or RB has a variety of different types of music. It is produced and supported primarily by blacks around the world. Beginning in the early 1940s, rhythm and blues music embraced genres as jump blues, club blues, black rock, and roll, doo wop, soul, Motown, funk, disco, and rap. It was first coined in 1949 by Jerry Wexler, who became prominent with Atlantic Records. Wexler used the term rhythm and blues as a synonym for black rock and roll in the early and mid 1950s. RB provided the single greatest influence on popular music worldwide for much of the second half of the 20th century. The influence was traced in forms of rock music, country and western, gospel music, and jazz as well as in a variety of non western form of music known as worldbeat. According to Joseph Machlis and Kristine Forney in their book The Enjoyment of Music, Rhythm and blues is known for its predominantly vocal genre, featuring a solo singer accompanied by a small group including piano, guitar, acoustic bass, drums, and tenor saxophone. Its harmonies and structure are drawn from twelve bar blues and thirty two bar pop song form. As the name implies, the style is characterized by a strong, driving beat, usually in a quadruple meter. As the influence of various styles of Rhythm and Blues, black urban values have permeated a wide variety of other cultures, most notable of contemporary Euro American youth. (599) According Christopher Handyside’s book Soul and RB. Handyside states that Rhythm and Blues (RB) was a name given to a fast paced style of music that was influenced by blues, gospel, and jazz. Handyside states that RB also owed its style to â€Å"jump blues.† Jump blues was popular in the 1930s and 1940s, and was usually played by a large band that featured drums, saxophone, and trumpet, stand up bass, guitar, and other horns as well as a singer. By the late 1940s, jump blues had developed into RB which took the form of shorter, catchier songs. Whereas jump blues often extended the songs with improvisation, RB tended to use smaller bands that featured drums, piano, guitar, and bass to generate the same energy and excitement as a larger band. One of the most significant characteristics shared by both jump blues and RB was the importance of a strong vocal singer. Handyside also states in the late 1940s than writer for the music magazine Billboard, Jerry Wexler, coined up t he name â€Å"rhythm and blues† when he was editing the charts at the trade journal Billboard and found that the record companies issuing black popular music considered the chart names to be demeaning. The magazine changed the charts name in its June 17, 1949, issue, having used the term rhythm and blues in news articles for the previous two years. Although the records that appeared on Billboards rhythm and blues chart thereafter were in a variety of different styles, the term was used to encompass a number of contemporary forms that emerged at that time. (4-5) Handyside states the origins of rhythm and blues originated from the sociological, industrial, and technological changes that took place in the Unites States just prior to and during World War II. Among theses changes was a widespread shift in American demographics. Popular music and new styles were created to meet the changing tastes of the demographic group, which lead to the development of urbane sounds of RB. These sociological changes of the World War II period were accompanied by two significant technological developments, the invention of the electric guitar in the late 1930s and the newly relatively affordable discovery of the German invented tape recorder. With these two inventions it simplified the recording process. Enterprising individuals were able to start independent record companies, since the major record companies in the United States had little interest in RB music. Newly formed independent companies began such as Atlantic, Chess, Specialty, and Modern were crucial for the production and distribution of RB recordings. According to online data form Encarta, another important industrial change was the rise of television in the United States in the late 1940s. For fear that television would make radio stations obsolete, many owners sold their radio stations. The new radio station owners turned to urbanized black Americans. These emergent black oriented radio stations allowed the new independent record companies to air the sounds of Rhythm and Blues to a black urban audience. Although the sounds of black urban music were being performed throughout the United States, the recordings of RB began on two coasts. Big band jazz musician Louis Jordon formed a small ensemble in 1938, which he eventually named the Tympany Five. Jordon recorded primarily in the up tempo beat using the horn driven style of the jump blues. The jump blues style he originated rapidly spread among black musicians, with distinctive regional variants emerging in New Orleans, Louisiana, and Memphis, Tennessee. Jordon influenced every RB artist in the 1940s, 1950s, and early 1960s. There were two other styles of RB that were popular in the late 1940s and early 1950s. It was the instrumental strain on jump blues and featuring a coarse, honking tenor saxophone sound. (Encarta) In the early1950s the strains of Rhythm and Blues began to be directed towards teenagers instead of adults. The vocal group style of the 1940s had given way to the 1950s doo wop. As Handyside states Rhythm and Blues vocal groups or doo wop groups, were becoming more and more popular. It was called Doo wop because of the nonsense syllables the vocalists would often use. It featured close harmony singing at slower tempos. Artists such as the Five Keys, the Coasters and the Drifters, sang songs with lyric themes that voiced concerns of American teenagers. (13) Motown soul music in the 1960s saw three important styles of R&B; the Chicago soul, which was influenced by gospel music songs, the Motown sound, which combined songwriting with a straightforward vocal, and southern soul, which was the most gospel influence style of RB. Chicago soul was epitomized by the work of singer and songwriter Curtis Mayfield with the group the Impressions. Mayfield wrote songs of faith and inspiration which featured several different lead singers trading vocal lines in the call and response fashion. In 1959 the Motown record company was founded by former boxer turned musician Berry Gordy Jr. Gordy was so successful at developing a recognizable sound for Motown that the company name quickly began to be a designation for a genre of music. The music he produced had its roots in gospel, jazz, and rhythm and blues, but with the Mo-town Sound. Its success was also due in part to the songwriting efforts of Lamont Dozier and brothers Eddie and Brian Holland. Motown represented the sound of American youth through most of the 1960s and for an independent record company, achieved unprecedented success. The Motown artist of the 1960s included Diana Ross with vocal group the Supremes, the one and only, singer and songwriter Smokey Robinson with the group the Miracles, and the Temptations. The majority of Motown artist were vocal groups that updated the doo wop style of the 1950s with a heavy, even beat. Southern soul was originated by James Brown and Ray Charles. On many of the early soul records, Charles would take a traditional religious song and transform it into a secular paean to love. Handyside states Rhythm and Blue’s first true superstar and all around musical innovator was Ray Charles. It is not often that one can point to a single song and claim that it invented a new genre, but this was the case with Charles. In 1954 Charles hit song â€Å"I Got a Woman† was the popular notion of â€Å"soul† music. He took the gospel song â€Å"I Got Religion† and changed the lyrics from a song about God to a song about a woman. The music’s bouncing feel was straight out of church and had a strong sense of syncopation. By adding a gospel flavor to the music, Charles had reconnected RB with the spiritual roots and rhythms of African Americans. (11) Handyside states James Brown was a contemporary of Ray Charles. Browns innovations in soul music, style, and live performance had earned him the nickname â€Å"The Godfather of Soul.† Brown had a raspy, soulful voice that he combined with his fancy dance moves. By the mid 1960s he was taking soul in a whole new direction. He laid the ground work for what would be called funk music. Southern soul had remained a significant presence in popular music throughout the 1970s. (19) In the late 1960s at the height of soul music’s popularity, there were significant changes and cultural views began to be articulated by many black Americans. By the end of the 1970s, the soul/RB sound had been eclipsed by the music it had influenced, disco and funk. With the help of James Brown, funk music began to emerge in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Funk was a looser form of soul music. It was based around the groove of the bass guitar, funk songs would stretch out well past the usual three to four minutes of a soul song. According to Handyside, funk’s appeal was limited, and in the late 1960s, rock artist improvised and broke the rules they were also stretching their songs out into extended â€Å"jams.† Funk de-emphasized melody and harmony, bringing rhythm, it often had loud horn sections, scratchy guitar rhythms that extended into wild guitar solos, and was short on lyrical content. Funk musicians tended to favor one line sayings. This style was adopte d by a number of artists. Musicians synthesized the funk style with elements from white rock music. (33) Disco rivaled funk’s popularity in the early 1970s and surpassed it by the middle of the decade. Hanydside states, like funk, disco was a dance oriented style. It was born out of funk, mixed with the slick Philly Soul. It was named not for any particular characteristic of its music, but after the places where it was originally played, the discotheques. (38) By the mid 1970s funk’s grooves had been smoothed over to help create disco. In contrast to funk, disco was dominated by arrangements featuring strings and synthesizers to boost the important beats. Disco was viewed by many as a substantial treat to rock music. It gave rise to a handful of highly original ensembles, as Earth, Wind Fire and the Fatback Band. Although the craze for disco eventually waned, it was an important source of rhythms and sounds in hip hop, techno and house music. (39) According to online data from Encarta, in the late 1980s and 1990s disco gave way to other genres like hip hop and rap music. By the early 1990s, hip hop had become a major force in music. Hip hop began when DJs such as Kool Herc, Grandmaster Flash, and Africa Bambaataa would mix beats or â€Å"breaks† of funk and disco records so that people could dance to the beat continuously. In 1991 Mary J. Blige teamed up with producer Sean â€Å"Puff Daddy† Combs and added the hip hop attitude to RB. Blige was one of the first artists to blend urban, contemporary RB singing with hip hop beats, rhymes, and attitude. Machlis and Forney states that after a while people began to rhyme or â€Å"rap† over these beats. The first rap recording was â€Å"Rapper’s Delight,† by the Sugarhill Gang in 1979. The technological developments of the early 1980s, including the use of synthesizers and other electronic devices, paved the way for rap, a highly rhythmic style of musical patter that had been popular with New York audiences in the 1970s and later developed wider appeal. Run DMC was largely responsible for the commercialization of rap, their collaboration with Aerosmith on the cover recording of the 1977 hit song Walk This Way introduced the style to white audiences. A year later, conscious rap found its prominent voice in the group Public Enemy. Public Enemy produced several highly influential rap albums. Rap in its diversified forms has continued as one of the most popular types of African American music. (606-607) In the late 1980s rap’s controversial subgenres, gangsta rap raised with the debut album Straight Outta Compton. (Encarta) Machlis and Forney states gangsta rap of the 1990s has further disseminated the style through graphic descriptions of inner city realities. The violent shooting deaths of Tupac Shakur in 1996 and Notorious B.I.G in 1997, has highlighted the violence associated with this musical style. (607) Rhythm and blues did more than just influence other music. It allowed African Americans to sing about their own experiences in their own style and in their own words. Today it is still here in dance parties on Saturday night’s and in churches on Sunday morning. Rhythm and Blues and soul continue to thrive now even more so than rock ‘n’ roll, which dominated the mainstream for so many years. From the classic soul singing of artists such as D’Angelo and Maxwell, to Sam Cooke and Otis Redding, to the eclectic experiment of Andre’ of the hip hop group Outkast. These musicians carry on the tradition of earlier innovators such as Ray Charles, Prince, and Michael Jackson. R B has by far taken over in the 21st century. Although Rhythm and Blue was considered strictly black music, it is loved today by people of all races. One thing we all know is that music of all kinds is the expression of emotion. From folk songs, to religious chants; the range and diversity of music is almost incomprehensible. It has been said that the best way to learn about the people, and its culture, is to observe and listen to their music. Music is all powerful because it stimulates, manipulates and dissipates our moods through the emotions. Music, in our culture, functions in many ways; it can make work more enjoyable, create a fraternity among men, encourage a spirit of worship, and be an expression of emotion. Music can make hard work seem easier, or rather, make it tolerable. If you don’t believe me next time you drive past a house that is undergoing construction or anywhere people are doing hard manual labour, stop and listen for music. Quite often there is a radio blasting. Rhythm and blues music in the 21st century has been used to encourage a spirit of worship and to communicate with God. Many churches today begin their services with some form of worship music, whether it’s all through song or just playing of the Organ. In some form it’s designed to gear people’s minds to hear a word from God. My Church in particular has one hour of worship before the service begins. Although rhythm and blues is not a favorite listen to music by many, we can all agree that its style is the most powerful on earth depending on your age. It can make you fall in love, strike down an enemy, or weep for lost friends. Its style is also a source of reconciliation, exhilaration, and hope that never fails† I thank God for blessing many musicians with the gift of music, If it hadn’t been for one particular song I might be married to my husband today. Without music in everyday life, the world would be an extremely hostile and maybe even an ugly place to be. Music has become the most powerful freedom given by God. Works Cited Handyside, Chris. A History of Soul and RB. A history of American music. Oxford: Heinemann Library, 2006. Machlis, Joseph, Kristine Forney, The Enjoyment of Music: An Introduction to Perceptive Listening. New York: W.W. Norton, 2000. Rhythm and blues. Encyclopedia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. 17   May   2008. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9063492. Rhythm-and-Blues Music, Microsoft ® Encarta ® Online Encyclopedia 2008 http://encarta.msn.com 1997-2008 Microsoft Corporation.

Australias Unfair Legal System :: miscellaneous

Australia's Unfair Legal System In theory all jury systems (which have existed for almost 800 years) are fair and just. The jury system originated in England and has so far failed in cases (all too common) when defendants are wrongfully prosecuted or convicted of crimes which they did not commit. In societies without a jury system, panels of judges act as decision makers. They weigh the evidence and apply the law. In the court system, criminal law is interpreted by a jury who are seen as expressing the sense of justice of ordinary men and women. Juries date back to the Middle Ages in England, and while membership, role, and importance have changed throughout the ages, they were part of the system of England’s Common Law. The purpose of the jury system was to ensure the civil rights of the ordinary citizen. It is important to remember that at the time, ordinary people had few rights. I believe that the jury system is an unfair system due to the limitations which are included during jury selection. Many professionals and groups of people are exempt from jury service: police or anyone dealing with the law (law student, lawyer, judges, assessors), anyone dealing in medicine (doctors, nurses), small or large business owners Pregnant women or women in general can claim special considerations, along with; teachers, accountants, ministers of religion, or generally anyone with a professional/education. So due to this, people who serve on a jury can be unemployed or part of a less educated and informed strata of society. Due to such limitations within the jury selection process, it is hardly said to be a fair and just system. In Europe, defendants are always tried by judges and assessors which I believe to be a much fairer way in deciding the innocence or guilt of a person. Assessors are legally qualified magistrates, with long experience in presiding over their own courts. When sitting in the superior court as assessors they are not mere advisors, but an integral part of the court. They have the same right as the judge to question the witnesses. Legal issues which are decided exclusively by the judge or panel of judges are evaluated prior to this decision by the assessors together with the judges, deliberating and voting with equal status. Decisions under this system seem much fairer and more reliable than under the jury system as it exists today.

Jacksonian democrats Essay

Thomas Jefferson was consistently inconsistent by switching from a strict constructionist view to a broad interpretation on the constitution to support his political views. Similarly, Jacksonian democrats occasionally altered their belief of being guardians of the political democracy, individual liberty, economic opportunity, and the Constitution to suit their purposes. President Andrew Jackson had several ways of ensuring political democracy thus he is regarded as a guardian of it. The spoils system is an example of Jackson stressing political democracy. According to Senator William Marcy the spoils system was acceptable since the benefits of winning should go to the winner. He supports this thought by saying, â€Å"To the victor belongs the spoils.† The spoils system allowed Jackson â€Å"Old Hickory† to rid his opponents of government jobs and award them to his supporters the â€Å"Hickoryites.† Another example of political democracy is rotation in office. Rotation in office is what Jackson utilized to incorporate the â€Å"common man† into a government role. Jackson believed that any man was capable of doing the job. â€Å"Every man is as good as his neighbor,† he declared, â€Å"perhaps equally better.† The inevitable dilemma that arises from Jackson’s notion on political democracy is that illite rates, incompetents and crooks obtained positions of public trust. The result of this was Samuel Swartwout, the collector of customs at the port of New York, stole a million dollars from the government. Jackson, although he was a rich aristocrat at the time of his election, might have been influenced to raise the common man on a pedestal as a result of him having been born poor. One of his first acts as president was to invite the working class of America to his inaugural. The White house was only emptied upon a rumor that said spiked punch had been served on the lawns. As a result, the inaugural is often referred to as the â€Å"inaugural brawl† and Jackson being the leader of the common people was called, â€Å"King Mob.† This represented what Jackson emphasized and that was the importance of individual right. Jackson believed that it was unfair for power to be in the hands of an elite few. Therefore, he advocated the rights of the common man through his land policy. His land policy would allow people to expand  further into the west. The more obtainable land there was signified a higher electorate. Jackson’s belief of rotation in office allowed average men to try their hand at government. Rotation in office is something which had been previously limited to the aristocratic elite since they were the only ones viewed as capable of managing the job. His success in achieving basic individual rights is shown in Doc. D. when Harriet Marineau, a British visitor to the United States reported that she had seen every man as an independent citizen and controversies â€Å"of which the people were to be judges.† However, the concept of individual liberty is not applied to minorities such as the blacks and Indians. This is seen in Document E. when Philip Hone, a New York City businessman describes riots in Eastern cities. â€Å"The spirit of riot and subordination to the laws†¦appears to have been produced by†¦ hostility to the blacks and an indiscriminate persecution of all whose skins were darker than those of their enlightened fellow citizens.† Document G also demonstrates that individual liberty was only directed towards whites. If individual liberty had been meant for all the Indians would not have been removed from their homeland. Further proof of whites against minorities is represented in Document A when George Henry Evans explains that all men are created equal, and allowed the rights of life liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Obviously, the Indians, immigrants and blacks were not granted these rights to individual freedom. Jackson was a guardian of the economy since he supported economic opportunities. To make sure that economic opportunities were achieved Jackson had to be anti big business. A big business tended to monopolize a certain part of the economy and not allow other businesses to expand and earn money. He wanted to ensure that the economy was not in the hands of a few rich men. In 1835 Jacksonian Roger Brooke Taney replaced Federalist John Marshall as Supreme Court judge. In 1837, a case known as Charles River Bridge versus Warren Bridge was about monopolies and charters. Two companies wanted to build bridges across the Charles River, but only one had a long standing charter. In the Marshall Court, the ruling would have been that the contract was stronger than the interests of anything else. But, under the  Jacksonians, it was ruled that the interests of the people were more important then any charter. Jackson viewed the bank as unconstitutional and undemocratic. In Document B Jackson describes the bank as incompatible with the Constitution he also says, â€Å"The present Bank of the United States†¦ enjoys an exclusive privilege of banking†¦almost a monopoly of the foreign and domestic exchange.† Therefore, when Henry Clay proposes a bill to congress in 1832 that would recharter the bank four year before needed Jackson vetoes it. After this Jackson bleeds the bank dry by removing federal deposits and started placing surplus money in â€Å"pet banks† which were pro-Jackson banks. The nullification issue emerged due to the Tariff of Abominations which protected it us from European competition. It angered South Carolina since they had to buy expensive manufactured goods and had to sell crops on an unprotected market. As a result of the high tariff Britain does not purchase as many goods as it previously did. The south also feared the tariff as a possible foothold for later federalist interference with slavery in the southern states this was brought on by a the South Carolina Cxposition written by John Calhoun which stated that the federal government has a compact with the states and that the state conventions had the power to declare laws unconstitutional and states should nullify the tariff. The tariff of 1832 was null and void they undertook the necessary military preparations and threatened to secede from the union if the United states government came to collect the customs and duties by force. Jackson was furious because he was against nullification therefore he quietly prepared an army and passed the force bill which authorized the president to use the army and navy to collect fed tariff duties. Henry Clay, although a supporter of the tariff influenced the compromise tariff of 1833 which said that the tariff would be reduced by 10% over a period of 8 years. By 1842 it would be back at 20-25%.Through Jackson’s aggressive reaction of South Carolina threatening to secede from the state we can see that Jackson believes in states rights. However, if he has to choose, the union comes before states rights. Being a guardian of the constitution means protecting many things at one time  since the constitution is basically a summary of the rights we possess. The rights that had to be protected were individual liberty, and economic opportunity among other things and the Jacksonians were not guardians of these rights. The time Jackson was president tends to be regarded as the â€Å"Age of the Common Man.† The reason as to why is that Jackson attempted to incorporate the â€Å"common man† into the current political& economic situation. The type of common man that was favored by Jackson was a poor westerner who desired land, freedom of choice, and a say in politics. He succeeds in incorporating the common man into politics through Rotation in office and involving them in government rallies. However, the problem with improving the common man was that anyone else who would fall out of this category: women, slaves, Native Americans, wealthy, Easterners, Northerners, were often den ied their own rights which is a direct violation of the constitution. (Doc D). The exempting of those who wouldn’t fit the category of the common man, helped stress universal manhood suffrage. Jackson’s personal view of the Bank of the United States was that it was unconstitutional. However, John Marshall had made it very clear in McCulloch vs. Maryland that the bank was constitutional. Jackson believed that preservation of the union preceded states rights. This was an unconstitutional view considering it was the states who had created the government. Therefore, if the government was stepping it’s rights the states could protest against the government’s actions. The first amendment is violated in Document F when the U.S. Post office suppresses abolitionist mail into the South. The reason why this was done to keep the multitude from finding out which would have motivated many to become anti-slavery. The Jacksonians could be described as two-faced considering they were for the common man while being a part of the aristocratic elite. They attempted to promote economic opportunities by eliminating the Bank of the United States. The Panic of 1937 was a repercussion of removing the bank yet Jackson succeeded in his main effort. His main focus was retrieving power from Nicholas Biddle, the owner of the bank. The belief of Union preceding states was utilized to assert the power of the executive branch. Finally, Jacksonian democracy did allow more people to vote than ever before and made government more directly responsible to the people.

Lifetime Health and Fitness Essays

Lifetime Health and Fitness Essays Lifetime Health and Fitness Essay Lifetime Health and Fitness Essay Fitness has always been a part of my life. I am not going to lie, I did struggle with it during my younger years. I was what people call a â€Å"fat middle-schooler† because when I was 12 years old, I weighed 150 pounds. But the catch was, I was still very athletic. I played sports year round like soccer, flag football, and mostly basketball, all physical sports, but still could not loose the weight. My mom, just like every other mom who does not want to hurt their children’s feelings, always told me I was not fat, just big boned. This of course did not help one bit. I knew I was fat and there was nothing I could do about it. Eventually my weight became out of hand. I was 15 years old and weighed 165 pounds. Enough was enough. Fortunately, I had a very physically fit older brother whom I looked up too. I begged him to teach me how to get â€Å"fit† because I hated how much I was getting made fun of by the other kids in school. So he helped me by going to the gym and eating the right kind of food so that my gut would fall right off. And he was right. In about three months, I went from an overweight 15 year old, to a physically fit 15 year old. When I went back to school after the 3 months off for summer, no one recognized me. It was amazing. From that point on, I promised I would not let my body look as bad as it did back then. Now, the reason I am telling you this is because these were the fundamental building blocks of my physical health and fitness, which of course is the reason we take this class. From this class, I really liked that we got down to the point, got exactly what we needed to know, and was not surprised with what was on the tests. What I did not like about the class was the 25 minute presentation because it just seemed way too long and most of it was about the information we had already learned from the class. One thing I would change from the class was the 25 minute presentation. I would change it to a 10 minute presentation and give the students a guideline on what the teacher wanted specifically. Overall, this was one of two classes I looked forward to going to.

Market research is the key to success Essays

Market research is the key to success Essays Market research is the key to success Essay Market research is the key to success Essay p9) It might also have used customer interviews or questionnaires, focus or user groups, surveys or panels as one of the sources in order to have a general consumers overview. There are several advantages associated with field research. Tesco could aim questions directly at research objectives, derive latest information from the marketplace and assess the psychology of the customers. Moreover, the relevant data could be a competitive advantage as other rivals will not have had access to it. As for the drawbacks, it can be costly, time-consuming and at the same time Tesco taking risk of bias questionnaires and interviewer. In additions, the research findings may only be usable if comparable backdata exists (Marcouse, 2008, p144). On the contrary, desk research uses secondary data that already exists. If Tesco carried out desk research, it could collect data via internal and external resources. Internal resources may consisted of company accounts, internal reports and analysis, retail data (e. g. loyalty cards) and stock analysis (Biz/ed, n. d. ); whereas external resources may comprised rivals marketing literature, government-produced data, trade press and the internet (Marcouse, 2008, p143-144). Desk research often obtained a wide range of data without high cost, and usually based on actual sales figures or research on large samples which increase accuracy of the data. A further advantage is allowing Tesco to have a good overview of the market. However, the data may not be updated regularly and not tailor-made to companys need. Similarly, the reports may be expensive to buy on various marketplaces (ibid, p144). Market research data could be numerical or psychological, namely, quantitative or qualitative (Marcouse, 2008, p143). If Tesco used quantitative research, it concerns with gathering hard data on large sample of people and presenting information on statistical basis, such as diagrams that could be used to analyse the information. It usually interrelated with data on the market size, shares and growth. Three key perspectives to be considered by Tesco, that are sampling, writing an unbiased questionnaire that meet the research objectives, and assessing the validity of the results (ibid, p146). If Tesco used qualitative research, they could understand consumers behaviour, attitudes and perceptions in some depth but not statistics data. It usually conducted by psychologists and takes two main forms which are focus groups and depth interviews. Focus groups conducted with psychologists and a group of consumers; whereas depth interviews only between a psychologist and a consumer, which is better as to avoid risk that group opinions will be swayed by certain influential person (ibid, p145). It is at best if Tesco combined both research types as one because if only one research type being conducted, Tesco would not get a whole picture of consumers behaviour, attitudes and perceptions. Sampling means selecting people as representative of the whole of a population which their view will be taken as representative of all first-time buyers. There are three main sampling techniques that Tesco might have used. If Tesco used random samples, it ensures everyone in the population has an equal chance of being selected. It would be effective, but costly and time-consuming, and may have chosen those not in the right group. If Tesco chosen quota sampling, it selecting interviewees in proportion to the consumer profile within the target market (ibid, p146). It aims at obtaining a sample that represents the overall population (tutor2u, n. d. ). It is relatively cheap, effective and most commonly used. However, it is not random thus enduring some risk of bias. If Tesco opted stratified sampling, it only involved interviewees with key characteristic required for the sample. Within this stratum of population, individuals could be found indiscriminately or by setting quotas based on factors such as region (Marcouse, 2008, p143). Although it still random, it is more focussed, relevant and may be more cost effective. It is important for Tesco to consider the sample size and response rate as these could lead to serious issues such as launch of product flopped. Generally, a sample of 100 respondents is far more meaningful if the results are clear-cut. A sample of 1000 respondents is possible but costly. Survey methods may have influence in response rate and built-in bias rate. Database-driven research, for instance, may be the most accurate and reliable resource as it information bases upon current or ex-customers. Market research helps firms to plan ahead rather than to guess ahead (The Times 100). Large established companies such as Tesco have huge advantages over new smaller companies as their knowledge of consumer attitudes and behaviour constructed from years of market research conducted. However, it may not be the only factor that determines the success of a business. Test marketing, for instance, could provide more accurate data than marketing research, thus allows more accurate sales forecasts and identify a weak link; howsoever, it is far costly, acquire large-scale of production and allows rivals to foreseen. Besides, innovation enables company to distinguish themselves from rivals and even interrupt the product life cycle by extend the product maturity. Furthermore, external factors such as economic and environment could be the main issues. As an example, global recession is claimed by Tim Mason to be one of the factors that caused Tescos losses in US stores (Finch, 2009). Taking everything into consideration, certain conclusion can be drawn. Tesco which has strong home branding and in a very good financial health, that Fresh and Easy strategy would be far more effective and accurate if Tesco conducted both primary and secondary marketing research which combining both qualitative and quantitative research in specific locality of their United State stores. It appears probable that marketing research may be fairly important as one of the factors that determine the success of a business but may not be the only crucial factor.

Special characteristic of BU Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Special characteristic of BU - Essay Example As a student, I feel that I learn best when I test the theories that I have studied through textbooks. Boston University attracts teachers who are at the forefront of their respective fields and are passionate about fostering a learning environment. They are there for the love of the students and the learning that is going on at the school, not for the money as typical in other schools. In addition, the diverse backgrounds of the students encourage the sharing of varied cultural perspectives with each other. Such communication is invaluable because it is a unique opportunity that cannot be replicated anywhere else. Also, the learning is not just limited to the classroom. At Boston University, students are encouraged to explore rather than to memorize the textbook. These are the reasons why it must be Boston University. – BU attracts students from more countries than are represented in the United Nations. Our global presence and reputation are important and are reflected in the perspectives, opinions, and experiences of our students. Why is this type of environment important to you? (500 words, 5000 characters) My status as an international student is a testament to the importance of a global perspective of the world in today’s global economy. If I did not understand its value, I would not have chosen to pursue the challenging path of trying to benefit from an American educational system while overcoming cultural and language barriers. Part of what has shaped my outlook.

The Management of a Student whose Standard of Practice is Cause for Essay

The Management of a Student whose Standard of Practice is Cause for Concern - Essay Example Although the standards of practice have been set by the academic setting, nurse educators and mentors can however find it difficult to fail students who are actually failing. Some of them often pass these students, sometimes, encouraging them to persist in their studies. This practice can however lead to various issues in nursing where incompetent nurses may be allowed to test their skills in the clinical setting. This paper shall critically explore the management of a student/learner whose standard of practice are cause for concern. This analysis shall include how the individual should be managed in terms of fitness for practice accountability, responsibility of the mentor and how this event would be documented. The implications of failing to fail learners who do not meet with the required standards to practice both personally and professionally will also be discussed. This study shall also consider when an action plan would be developed, whether or not I would get involved, and the assessment strategies which would be considered. This paper is being undertaken in order to establish ways by which the nursing profession can be whittled down academically and objectively in order to ensure that only competent nurses are to be allowed to practice. Body Undoubtedly, failing students can be a difficult and stressful experience for students and mentors. However, a nurse’s knowledge of one’s accountability as a mentor and supervisor and the complex process of crafting failing students imply that these decisions can still be made with utmost confidence (NHS, 2010). Mentors are considered gatekeepers because they guarantee that students who cannot comply with the standards of the practice are not allowed to enter the practice. The crucial stage of the assessment process seeks to protect the general public and the patients from incompetent nurses (NHS, 2010). Various concerns on how effective the gate keeping role is being carried out have been expressed by various practitioners. Failing to fail can have dire consequences to the general public (NHS, 2010). A 2004-2005 survey established that out of about 1400 issues of misconduct, poor practice was cited in majority of these incidents. Incidents of poor practice included errors in drug administration, inadequate record keeping, unsafe clinical practice, and failure to care for basic needs (NMC, 2005). According to the Royal College of Nursing (RCN, 2007), the mentor’s role is to generally offer support and guidance to the student and to help the patient understand the practice and to help him apply theory. The mentor’s role is also to assess, evaluate and provide feedback to the student; and to supervise reflective practice (RCN, 2007). These mentors are also tasked with ensuring that the students: are fit for the purpose of the practice, can fulfil the needs of registration, and have the depth of learning in order to be granted a diploma or a higher degree (RCN, 2007). These mentors are also considered positive role models and are there to assist students in gaining confidence; to promote professional relations with students; to assist appropriate supervision; and to offer honest, yet constructive feedback (RCN, 2007). The registered nurses’ role as a mentor is crucial because it ensures the protection of public health and interest (RCN, 2007). It is the responsibility of mentors to

Identification of Clostridium difficle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Identification of Clostridium difficle - Essay Example 3-4). Diarrhoea cases associated with C. difficle have been increasing in the contemporary world. In addition, increased resistance has been identified. It is also a major cause of hospital-based infection. Specifically, this infection affects the inner linings of the colon and produces toxins, which can lead to serious inflammation as well as diarrhoea. During the 2000s, this infection used to be treated using antibiotic fluoroquinolone to which the infection developed resistance. In the developed nations, C. difficle is a key cause of infectious diarrhoea. It is mostly spread in poor healthcare settings. The infection has not only become more prevalent in today’s world but also gotten harder to treat. Bearing in mind that the infection emerged several decades ago, many diagnostic methods have been developed since the earliest times of its discovery. Some of these methods are effective while others have been ignored due to inconsistencies. This diagnosis incorporates a wide history of recent antibiotic therapy, diarrhoea development, or any other indication of acute colitis (Planche & Wilcox, 2011, p. 3). In addition, the diagnosis is also based on the demonstration of an infection by toxigenic C. difficle. This is usually done through the detection of toxin A or B within stool samples. Pathogenesis leads to the production of toxin while the toxin strains are responsible for the production of toxin A, also known as enterotoxin or toxin B, cytotoxin. The diagnostic methods can be divided into several subsections that include laboratory methods, antigen detection methods, and nucleic acid amplification methods (McFarland, 2011, p. 431-432). The laboratory methods include culture Aga r media, enriching pores, CCN test, and selective media. The antigen detection methods, on the other hand, include GDH Assays while the nucleic acid amplification methods include PCR Assays and LAMP Assays. Although there may be many diagnostic

Trans Racial Adoption Essay Example for Free

Trans Racial Adoption Essay In a well-publicized 1989 case, a black boy named Reecie West was raised from the age of two months by Dale and Jan May, a white foster couple in Cincinnati, Ohio. When Reecie was freed for adoption, the Mays applied to adopt him. However, the social service department decided to search the country for a black family instead. At the last moment, the Mays application was denied. The boy, age two and a half, was placed with a black couple in another state. Eight weeks later the boy was dead, the victim of what one report called horrific physical abuse at the hands of his new adoptive parents. With this horrific revelation, there shall be a critical look at trans-racial adoption and how it has affected thousands of children worldwide. For the purpose of this essay however, I shall argue in support of trans-racial adoption.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For the purpose of this essay however, adoption is defined as a process by which children are brought together with adults who are not their biological parents to form a family. Practiced informally throughout human history, adoption in the United States has evolved into a formalized legal procedure; its primary statutory purpose is to protect the welfare of children in cases where the birth parents are gone or unable to care for their offspring. Through adoption, the legal ties to a child’s birth parents are severed. Adoptees (adopted persons) are seen in the eyes of the law as permanent members of the adoptive family with all the legal rights and privileges of biological children.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In trans-racial adoptions however, children are placed with an adoptive family of another race. These adoptions may be through public and private agencies or be independent, but most trans-racial adoptions take place through the public child welfare system. In United States, The civil rights movement of the 1960s led to an increase in trans-racial adoptions involving black children and white parents. In a statistical survey conducted in 1998, an estimated 15 percent of the 36,000 adoptions of foster children were trans-racial or trans-cultural adoptions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It quite unfortunate that despite the various merits of trans-racial adoptions there has been hot debates on its prohibition. Ironically, however, polls show that a large majority of both black and white Americans support trans-racial adoptions. A 1991 survey of 975 adults conducted by CBS, for instance, found that 70 percent of whites favored them, along with 71 percent of blacks.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Flowing form the above, a widespread public support in United States helped persuade Congress in 1994 to pass the Multi-Ethnic Placement Act, which prohibits using race, culture, or ethnic identity to block or delay trans-racial foster-care placements and adoptions. In fact, the federal act was intended to shorten the length of time children spend in foster homes and orphanages by facilitating trans-racial adoptions. It is rather sad that despite the enactment of this law, today, children wait an average of two-and-a-half years to be adopted. Thousands of them can still be found in foster homes across the States. Therefore, there is no continuing need of using race as a criterion for adopting a parentless child, especially if it would leave the child without a family. Love, after all, is color-blind. Again, the case for interracial adoption has been strengthened in recent years, too, by studies of black children who were adopted by white families and have reached adulthood now. Not every study has reached exactly the same conclusion, but nearly all agree that trans-racially adopted children become happy and content adults. According to one study, about half of minority children adopted by whites say that race is an unimportant factor in their lives. The fact remains that trans-racial adoption is the best option because it will respond to the overrepresentation of minority children in the child welfare system. Also, trans-racial adoption will help in reducing the number of parentless children at various foster homes in and outside the Unites States. Without trans-racial adoption, activists argue, too many black children will never be placed with a family. Leaving African American kids in foster care rather than allowing them to be adopted by loving parents, says one observer inflicts very serious harm on children. The former American first lady and the present Presidential aspirant, Senator Hillary Clinton, once agree with trans-racial adoption in a newspaper column. Skin color, she writes, should not outweigh the more important gift of love that adoptive parents want to offer. In conclusion, with all the views expressed above about trans-racial adoption, it can then be safely concluded that it is the best option for children who needs to belong to a loving and caring family. Children need to be loved and cared for and prohibition of trans-racial adoption will not in anyway help matters. God creates and loves all, so we should reciprocate this agape love by making sure that parentless children do not live a substantial portion of their lives in foster homes. WORKS CITED Brodzinsky, D. M., and M. D. Schechter, Eds. The Psychology of Adoption. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990. L. An Open Adoption. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1990. Lancaster, K. Keys to Adopting a Child. Hauppauge, NY: Barrens Educational Series, 1994. Melina, L. R. Making Sense of Adoption. New York: Harper Row, 1989. National Committee for Adoption (NCFA). 1989 Adoption Washington, DC: National Committee for Adoption, 1989. Tatara, T. Characteristics of Children in Substitute and Adoptive Care: A Statistical Summary of the VCIS National Child Welfare Base. Washington, DC: American Public Welfare Association, 1992.

The Impact of David Carson Essay -- Graphic Designers Typography Essay

The Impact of David Carson He was labeled a terrible graphic designer in the nineties. His agonized typography drove a clique of critics to indict him of not being serious and of destroying the origins and foundation of communication design. Now, the work and techniques of David Carson dominates design, advertising, the Web, and even motion pictures. David Carson graduated from San Diego state university, where he received a BFA degree in sociology. A former professional surfer, he was ranked #9 in the world during his college days. David Carson is currently the principal and chief designer of David Carson Design, Inc. with offices in New York City and Charleston, SC. Carson is a designer whose unorthodox graphic style played a major role in his success in the design world. His sense of typography is original and unique in a way that he does not follow the basis of communication design. For example, his arrangement of text is not what we would normally see which is in order but positioned in disarray creating chaos and confusion which is new and refreshing. His use of interesting visual simultaneously with typography creates an out of the ordinary design where sometimes the images are deliberately obscuring the text that goes with it and occasionally creating an unfinished sentence or word. Simplicity runs through Carson’s veins where â€Å"less is more†. Minimalism functions in his design where there are no extreme effects that would overpower his intention. His aim i...

The Yellow Wallpaper -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vintage short stories are meant to entertain their readers. However, many passive readers miss the true entertainment that lies within the story in the hidden context. Most short stories have, embedded in the writing, a lesson or theme attached to them. In the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† Gilman demonstrates a woman who has suffered from repression and longs for the freedom from her controlling husband. Gender conflicts play a major role throughout this story. The author portrays these kinds of conflicts through the three main characters, John, Jennie and the narrator. The theme of this story is a woman's fall into insanity resulting from isolation from treatment of post-partum depression. Gilman is also telling the story of how women were thought of as prisoners by the demands of the society throughout that time period. She also expresses the punishments these women had when they tried to break free. As a reader, we see how much control John h ad over her and how it ended up affecting her individuality.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The narrator in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† writes about her experience in dealing with depression. As a result her husband, a physician, decided that it would be a good idea for them to take a trip to the country for the summer where she could get the rest and isolation that she needs. In the beginning the woman becomes increasingly unhappy as she is forced to occupy a room that she despises. She describes the wal... The Yellow Wallpaper -- essays research papers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vintage short stories are meant to entertain their readers. However, many passive readers miss the true entertainment that lies within the story in the hidden context. Most short stories have, embedded in the writing, a lesson or theme attached to them. In the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† Gilman demonstrates a woman who has suffered from repression and longs for the freedom from her controlling husband. Gender conflicts play a major role throughout this story. The author portrays these kinds of conflicts through the three main characters, John, Jennie and the narrator. The theme of this story is a woman's fall into insanity resulting from isolation from treatment of post-partum depression. Gilman is also telling the story of how women were thought of as prisoners by the demands of the society throughout that time period. She also expresses the punishments these women had when they tried to break free. As a reader, we see how much control John h ad over her and how it ended up affecting her individuality.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The narrator in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† writes about her experience in dealing with depression. As a result her husband, a physician, decided that it would be a good idea for them to take a trip to the country for the summer where she could get the rest and isolation that she needs. In the beginning the woman becomes increasingly unhappy as she is forced to occupy a room that she despises. She describes the wal...

Recommendation Letter

POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF  THE PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF BUSINESS DEPARTMENT OF OFFICE ADMINISTRATION STA  MESA,  MANILA ————————————————- E-mail:  [email  protected] edu. ph (Trunkline) 716-7832 to 45 loc. 267/324 PUP VISION Towards a Total University PUP MISSION The PUP mission in the 21st  Century is to comprehensive global education and community service to its students, Filipino and foreigners alike. It shall offer high-quality undergraduates and graduate programs that are responsive to changing student needs, enabling them to lead productive and meaningful lives.PUP shall its traditional mission expressed on its founding philosophy and at the same time propose changes that will adapt this mission to the context of a global society. CB GOALS Revitalizing the curriculum to be attuned to industry for national significance and global competitiveness in order to a ttain quality and excellent in the academe is today’s thrust of our University. It is for this reason that the College of Business curricular offerings must be redefine in the light of the fast emerging developments taking place both domestically and international.The opportunities and challenges hastened by the globalization, the thrust of the national government towards producing highly competitive graduates as well as the enormous changes in business themes, technologies, practices, and laws are the compelling reasons in re-examining the relevance and adequacy of CB’s curriculum in the 21stcentury. CB OFFICIAL Dean Leopoldo Francisco T. Bragas Dean Prof. Merla G. Villanueva Chairperson Department of Marketing Management Prof. Francisco C. Cular Chairperson Department of Management and Entrepreneurship Prof.Elizabeth T. Santos Chairperson Department of Advertising and Public Relations Prof. Dolores J. Alcantara Chairperson Department of Office Administration November 26 ,2012 Atty. Pioquinta E. Quindara Chief, Personnel Division Department of Local Government Dear Atty. Quindara: Our University has been implementing a training program to provide our students with actual office experiences in order to supplement our classroom instructions. The training is a curriculum requirement in our course subject, Legal Procedures with Practicum and Laboratory.May we request your permission to allow our student,  Manirela B. Francisco to undergo on-the-job training in your office. She will report at least two to three times a week 8:00am-5:00pm until the minimum requirement of 200 hours has been fully accomplished. Kindly sign and return to us the training memorandum she will present to you. We shall appreciate your assistance in providing the necessary experiences in secretaryship. Very truly yours, Prof. Vicenta P. Sumague Training Coordinator Noted by: Dean Leopoldo Francisco T. Bragas College DeanPOLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF  THE PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF BUSINESS DEPARTMENT OF OFFICE ADMINISTRATION STA  MESA,  MANILA ————————————————- E-mail:  [email  protected] edu. ph (Trunkline) 716-7832 to 45 loc. 267/324 PUP VISION Towards a Total University PUP MISSION The PUP mission in the 21st  Century is to comprehensive global education and community service to its students, Filipino and foreigners alike. It shall offer high-quality undergraduates and graduate programs that are responsive to changing student needs, enabling them to lead productive and meaningful lives.PUP shall its traditional mission expressed on its founding philosophy and at the same time propose changes that will adapt this mission to the context of a global society. CB GOALS Revitalizing the curriculum to be attuned to industry for national significance and global competitiveness in order to attain quality and excellent in the academe is todayâ⠂¬â„¢s thrust of our University. It is for this reason that the College of Business curricular offerings must be redefine in the light of the fast emerging developments taking place both domestically and international.The opportunities and challenges hastened by the globalization, the thrust of the national government towards producing highly competitive graduates as well as the enormous changes in business themes, technologies, practices, and laws are the compelling reasons in re-examining the relevance and adequacy of CB’s curriculum in the 21stcentury. CB OFFICIAL Dean Leopoldo Francisco T. Bragas Dean Prof. Merla G. Villanueva Chairperson Department of Marketing Management Prof. Francisco C. Cular Chairperson Department of Management and EntrepreneurshipProf. Elizabeth T. Santos Chairperson Department of Advertising and Public Relations Prof. Dolores J. Alcantara Chairperson Department of Office Administration November 26 ,2012 Atty. Jesus B. Doque IV Chief, Legal Service s Department of Local Government Dear Atty. Doque: Our University has been implementing a training program to provide our students with actual office experiences in order to supplement our classroom instructions. The training is a curriculum requirement in our course subject, Legal Procedures with Practicum and Laboratory.May we request your permission to allow our student,  Manirela B. Francisco to undergo on-the-job training in your office. She will report at least two to three times a week 8:00am-5:00pm until the minimum requirement of 200 hours has been fully accomplished. Kindly sign and return to us the training memorandum she will present to you. We shall appreciate your assistance in providing the necessary experiences in secretaryship. Very truly yours, Prof. Vicenta P. Sumague Training Coordinator Noted by: Dean Leopoldo Francisco T. Bragas College Dean

African-Americans and the Civil Rights Movement essays

African-Americans and the Civil Rights Movement essays The Civil Rights Movement gave African-Americans many rights that would change their lives forever. Without the Civil Rights Movement, our world is significantly different today because African Americans would still be segregated from the white world. Before the 1950's African Americans held very few rights in the South. The Southern states made sure that whites and blacks were segregated. Blacks could not eat in the white diners or restaurants; they couldn't even use the same restrooms or drinking fountains as the whites. The blacks were almost treated like they weren't even humans. They were also segregated from the whites in education and had very few legal rights. Groups such as the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) and the SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee) worked to change the views of the white American. These activist groups played a major role in the advancement of African-Americans in education, public rights, and legal rights . "These groups paved the way for the African Americans road to freedom."(1) The African Americans first step to freedom was gaining the same educational rights that the white race had. Before 1954, The white people would not allow their children to go to school with African-Americans. Since the blacks could not go to the same schools as the whites, they were forced to start their schools which received very little funding and were poorly run. The Supreme Court changed education for African Americans forever on May 17, 1954, when it unanimously agreed that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional. The landmark case that changed African American education forever was known as Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. The supreme court believed that segregation was unconstitutional because it violated the 14th amendment. "The court believed that by having segregated schools solely based on the race of a person skin, it denied African Americ...

Juvenile Delinquency Essay Example

Juvenile Delinquency Essay Example Juvenile Delinquency Essay Juvenile Delinquency Essay Trappings of childhood When a child kills, does he instantly become an adult? Or does he maintain some trappings of childhood, despite the gravity of his actions? These are the questions oppressing our legal system today, as the violent acts of Juvenile delinquencies continue to make headlines. Some people believe that children should be tried as adults when prosecuted for certain serious crimes. Others feel that children should be tried as minors because they are not yet adults, and therefore, they should be reated differently. This is an important debate because how we choose to punish juveniles affects both our current and future society. Teens all over the world are being tried differently in court, and it is not fair to Judge and punish them inconsistently for the same crime. I believe that, without exception, children under 18 should be tried as minors. Our society has set 18 as the age of adulthood. Eighteen is when a person is expected to know what is right and wrong, and understand his responsibilities in the community. The responsibility to vote, sign contracts, make out wills, sign leases, and decide on medical treatment are not acquired until the age of 18. By 18, a person has experienced enough to know what he should and should not do. Then, why those under 18 are tried as adults? A person under 18 is a child and should be treated as such by the courts. When Juveniles receive a life sentence in adult prison, they never get a second chance. When they commit crimes and were punished properly, they should learn that their actions were wrong and not to do it gain. Juvenile detention helps show their mistakes and gives them a second chance, while prison does nothing to help a child. Adults have already had their chance; they should know the difference between right and wrong by the time they cross into adulthood; therefore they deserve an adult sentence. According to Dr. Brenda Plattner, affective dysregulation is at the heart of disturbances stemming from childhood drama and can result in lone-term impairments in functioning including impulsivity and anger-control problems. Young brains are not fully developed, so humans do not understand the full consequences of their actions until about the age of 23. Teenagers essentially lack wisdom, so their perception in life comes from what they are thought at an early age. Teens commit crimes for a reason. Maybe they are angry or want attention from their family. Committing a crime is the only option they see. In the Juvenile system, they can learn other ways to express themselves. Then they can return to society with a new chance at life. Juvenile Delinquency By darlyn09