Sony Ericsson Essay Example

Sony Ericsson Essay Example Sony Ericsson Paper Sony Ericsson Paper MGMT 3101 – Case study essay The formation and evolution of Sony Ericsson alliance Creativity and flexibility is required in order to succeed in the mobile-phone industry. No other industry changes faster, or experiences more sudden and rapid changes to fortunes (Bowman 2006, pg 1). The industry was shaken by the alliance of two consumer electronic giants in October 2001, Sony Corporations and Ericsson AB. Sony Ericsson mobile communications is a fifty-fifty joint venture between Japan’s Sony Corp. nd Sweden’s Ericsson AB. Their mission is to establish Sony Ericsson as the most attractive and innovative global brand in the mobile handset industry (Sony Ericsson website) through combining Ericsson’s mobile technology alongside Sony’s expertise in consumer electronics (Kristine 2005). With headquarters located in London, Sony Ericsson became the sixth largest global mobile phone corporation in 2005 following closely behind competitor Nokia (Kristine 2 005). Motivations for the joint venture alliance as well alternatives to a joint venture will be explored, concluding with an examination of the problems and strategies used throughout the alliance to aid Sony Ericsson to become a world renowned mobile supplier. Complementary asset sharing and knowledge transfers were among several reasons motivating the alliance. Ericsson was heavily criticized in the past for poor manufacturing capabilities (Manuel 2002) as Ericsson previously outsourced its production procedures to Flextronics in order to reduce costs (Electronic Times, 2001). Alongside that, Ericsson was associated with poor designs in terms of aesthetics and was unable to attract a large pool of consumers especially teenagers and young adults. Furthermore, due to the ever changing industrial environment of the mobile-phone industry, Ericsson was forced behind due to its inability to keep up-to-date with the market and as a consequent, slowly loosing its already minimal market share (Manuel 2002). However, the joint venture with Sony expected it to assist Ericsson fill in the gaps (Lamar L, 2001). Sony was the pioneer in the portable consumer electronics industry due to its ability to master design and marketing techniques (Electronic Times, 2001). Its expertise in digital camera and walkman made the 3G phone outstanding and provided Sony Ericsson with an initial competitive edge, as the features of digital camera and music functions were the basic requirements for the new generation of mobile phones (Alfred H, 2004). Sony also enjoyed Ericsson’s world-class knowledge of radio frequency technology and its existing distribution channels around the world. Exploiting Ericsson’s knowledge, Sony was able to build lasting relationships with wireless carriers across the world (Mark V, 2001) which aided Sony to re-enter the U. S and European market in response to its expansion project. It was an extreme challenge and near impossible for Ericsson or Sony alone to compete with the worlds leading telecommunications corporation Nokia, due to their relatively small market share they both experience (Electronic Times, 2001). The joint venture in 2001 saw Sony and Ericsson combining key competence resources and capabilities such as capital, management and technological skills to enlarge their market share together in hope to compete with telecommunications giant, Nokia. The pivotal reason behind the alliance by Sony Corp. and Ericsson was to combine Sony’s world-class technological skills in audio, video and communications with Ericsson’s technological leadership to challenge Finland’s Nokia and United State’s Motorola in gaining the markets leading position as the world’s most advanced global telecommunications corporation (Ericsson Annual Report, 2001). The alliance allowed both parties to enjoy the resources and technology of each party. Ericsson was at the leading edge in communication systems and protocols, whereas Sony enjoyed leading strengths in consumer electronic production processes, including design and product planning, as mentioned briefly earlier. According to Ericsson’s 2001 Financial Report, both Ericsson and Sony were in desperate need of a deal to secure skills and tactic knowledge which the opposing company possessed in hope to expand their market share to compete with Nokia and Motorola. It is clear that instead of a joint venture, Sony and Ericsson could have chosen an alternative method to collaborate and form Sony Ericsson, as long as its objectives and motivations were not at any risk. One method was acquisition where we would see one company acquiring the other. A joint venture is a legal entity formed between two or more parties to undertake economic activity together (Hill C, 2005). An acquisition on the other hand is when one entity takes legal control over another in the same target market (Hill C, 2005). A joint venture and acquisition experience the same advantages and benefits of access to foreign markets and technology a company may not have. The main feature that distinguishes joint venture from acquisition is the company’s share of profits and losses. A fifty-fifty joint venture signifies both parties will share the profit and losses, whereas an acquisition the entity that acquired another company is obliged to overcome all the losses and gains solely. It is suggested that this aspect of an acquisition alliance was what turned down both companies from acquiring each other. The initial stages of strategic planning and formation between Sony Ericsson saw both companies with the objective of expanding their individual market into the opposition’s territory and to reap benefits off each other. Neither Sony nor Ericsson was willing to invest large amounts of money and capital to acquire the other entity, so in essence, the method of a joint venture could possible be the best form of international alliance between the two parties. The industry’s fast and ever-changing environment saw many mobile-phone companies struggle to keep up-to-date and secure its existing market share. And Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications is no exception (Bowman R, 2006). Since its formation in 2001, Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications have encountered numerous problems and have overcome them with new strategies and mind-frames. Two challenges and techniques to overcome them will be discussed below. Sony Ericsson’s first major strategy mistake was only targeting a small pool of high end markets (Strategic Decision, 2004) anonymous author. Since its creation, Sony Ericsson has targeted the high-end, low-volume market. Initially, mobile phone sales exceeded all expectations and the Sony Ericsson strategy was thought to effective. However, in the long-run, Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications failed to maintain or increase its market share in high-end and low-volume market, with sales decreasing significantly. Furthermore, the shelf life of each handset alongside the selling price of each handset was also decreasing per year (Strategic Decision, 2004). In September 2003, Sony Ericsson held just 5. 4 percent of the global market share compared to Nokia’s 34. 5 percent (Strategic Decision, 2004). As a result, Sony Ericsson’s strategy of targeting a proportion of the market was seen to be a risky choice. With its strategy failing to win Sony Ericsson market share and positive profit levels, the corporation has since increased its investment into Research and Development facilities in order to facilitate the continuous improvement and innovation of its products. By doing so, Sony Ericsson is able to provide better quality products in hope they will aid the expansion of its small market share percentage in high end market. Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications believes that this initiative will effectively improve and increase its long-term competitive advantage by being more innovative and creative in such a dynamic industry. Gaining entry into the high end market alongside its improved product quality by increasing production efficiency will lower any unnecessary production and transaction costs. Following this theory, Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications offered its consumers with better quality at affordable prices it was able to gain entry into the high volume market and increase its overall total market share within the global mobile phone industry. Outsourcing non-core competencies is a move most businesses are now undertaking in belief that it will lower transaction costs and allow the company to concentrate on its core product competencies. Low cost and low risks are the benefits of outsourced production experienced by Sony Ericsson (Strategic Decision, 2004), however the associated transaction costs such as managing the supply chains can be somewhat high. Such high costs need carefully calculations to ensure it is worth the investment. Sony Ericsson along with Nokia both outsources its non-core competencies but differs in terms of the strategy used, which have resulted in markedly different results (Strategic Decision, 2004). Sony Ericsson chose a vertical model which saw its production manufacturing facilities outsourced. The manufacturing arm of the company was, as mentioned earlier, taken over by Flextronic in America. The main reason behind this decision was cost benefits along with reduction of risk. However, in hindsight the hidden costs associated with outsourcing were overlooked. In response to its failed strategic choice of outsourcing, Sony Ericsson decided to develop effective management, communication and training channels (Strategic Decision, 2004). Creation of effective communication channels such as corporate intranet, allowed Sony and Ericsson to communicate important facts, updates and knowledge with each other effectively and quickly. Training programs were also developed to ensure consistency of product quality standards (Strategic Decision, 2004). Another response to this strategy failure was improved commitment from both parties to work towards achieving mutual trust and understanding between the parties as well as with its suppliers. Continuous development and innovation not only creates company competence’s in the Business to Business (B2B) level relationship, but also within the industry in terms of creating completive advantage and sustaining market share in the relevant domains of each business (Strategic Decision, 2004). Maintaining respectable relationships with its suppliers, Sony Ericsson saw a more effective and efficiently delivery of programs and processes; and reduced opportunistic behaviour between not only Sony Corp. and Ericsson but also among the parties involved in the day-to-day business activities of Sony Ericsson, and so may also reduce the potential of creating future rivalries. Sony Ericsson has encountered numerous challenges, but in response to those challenges, Sony Ericsson has grown, developed and has a better understanding and knowledge of the mobile-phone industry, and what they can expect from the ever-changing dynamic industry. Sony Ericsson saw the many challenges as opportunities to advance and gain invaluable experience which will assist them with future challenges. The strategies and techniques Sony Ericsson formulated in response to its past challenges have allowed it to sustain a high level of market share up until this present date. Initially, as an infant company they were challenged with no only problems faced in the industry but also with sales and profits. In essence, the formation of Sony Ericsson in 2001 saw the company experience many ups and downs. This was partially due to the changing environment of the mobile-phone industry, and also to its inabilities to cooperate together effectively. Now that Sony Ericsson has formulated new strategies to overcome the old challenges, and these strategies are continually assisting Sony Ericsson to brighter outcomes, what remains is whether or not Sony Ericsson is able to learn from its strategic mistakes and experience future growth to compete with the other major players within the industry, fulfilling its core objective of forming the alliance. In 2003 the chief executive announced that Sony Ericsson’s crisis was over, and since then the network businesses have began to enjoy successful operations (Strategic Decision, 2004). Share prices have doubled since April 2003 and cost-cutting procedures will see annual expenses fall by more than half (Strategic Decision, 2004). These figures and recent performance of Sony Ericsson suggests they should able to enjoy long-term success within the industry by learning from past experience and failure and ensuring they do not repeat history. Word Count: 1,878

Explain how understanding culture can clarify and affect the reading Essay

Explain how understanding culture can clarify and affect the reading of a text - Essay Example In doing this, culture affects and often clarifies the reading of such texts as is portrayed in the analysis of Oedipus and The Iliad below. The two are among the greatest literatures of the ancient Greek. The literatures capture various cultural features of the ancient Greek societies and therefore require an understanding of the early Greek culture to comprehend. The Iliad for example is set during the Trojan War (Homer 23). War was a central cultural feature that enabled societies to interact as they resolved their conflicts. The ambience of wars at the time was different from the contemporary wars. As a cultural feature, understanding the nature of the ancient Greek wars enables an audience understand the book since the wars would clarify the types of weapons the people used and the severity of the wars. The epic poem voices tales of clashes and the events preceding the war. The quarrels between King Agamemnon and Achilles help portray the cultural feature of the ancient Greek societies. Another cultural trait in the tragedy Oedipus the King is prophecy. Set in the ancient Greek society the mythology portrays the effects of prophecies in an individual’s life. The prophecies were vital aspects of life since they affected the lives of everyone including the King (Sophocles 12). The portrayal of prophecy presents an ultimate conflict in the story between the will and destiny. As such, understanding the ancient Greek culture becomes essential in understanding the story. The prophecy in the story clarifies the actions of Oedipus who accidentally kills his parents thereby fulfilling the prophecy. The act leads to other subsequent occurrences the play. Culture helps clarify relationship between the events thus implying that culture helps develop the conflict that sustains the story. The role of an Individual in the course of destiny is a theme in both ancient books. Additionally, the authors portray harsh societies in both books a feature that

Columbian Cartels Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Columbian Cartels - Essay Example The cartels have also developed new threats within familiar threats, this has led to the difficulties in applying traditional security methods in addressing cartels, the cartels have developed new threats that the national security cannot identify and prevent. They have also advanced their ways of evading the local government. Cooperation has increased among the cartels due to the lessening of restrictions between international borders, this has made difficult for law enforcers, and also the increasing global network has greatly helped the cartels to make more profits which have led to stronger cartels. Cartels have used their economic power to corrupt law enforcers and judges and assassinate those who do not corporate, also an example in the Russian Mafia people believe that the cartels are more powerful than the government and therefore people will turn to crime leaders for protection because they feel that the government cannot provide protection or even stop organised crime. The increased cooperation between the cartel leaders and political leaders and law enforcers has also made it possible for this cartels to exist and grow, they also threaten those who do not cooperate through assassining those who do not cooperate therefore people

Economic Recovery in UK Essay Example for Free

Economic Recovery in UK Essay Introduction Over the past few years, UK economy has been is a recession period characterized by decline in positive business conditions. This period indicated unfavorable business environment due to aspects of high taxation, reduced demand and high cost of imports. The period was also characterized by low cost of imports which results to unfavorable balance of trade in UK. Economic downturn in UK has great influence in business especially the high street brands (Holley, 2012). With that kind of economic, grow conditions there was increased concerns about the future of high street s. this trend threatened the long term survival and attractiveness of high street brands since the economic conditions undermined the ability to attract a range of potential customers and other businesses. However, signs of economic recovery are evident in United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is returning to economic growth, this is according to a range of economic indicators which reveal a stable housing market; firm’s raising confidence and employees’ readiness to hire (Irvin, 2006). According to economic data is growing faster where effects are felt throughout the economy. The data suggests that the economic recovery is evident in nearly all sectors in the United Kingdom economy. According to economic data in UK, the economy grew by 0.8 percent compared to last year economic grow denoted by 0.4 percent (Holley, 2012).  Ã‚   Considerably, economic recovery in UK has greatly boosted business in the country. For instance, many organizations have grown considerably in the current business environment that is ensured by the economy recovery. More precisely, companies such as Tesco has registered and increase in the total sales compared to recent past (Tesco annual report, 2013). This in turn has enhanced organizations strategic approach in regard planning in the current business environment. Most important, the constant economic recovery mood in UK is improving as most businesses are reacting to the increased business confidence through search of new markets. The situation has also encouraged investment and saving in United Kingdom. Increase in business confidence is accelerating; this is a fundamental financial performance signal in UK that indicates reported profit and turnover rise and is expected to improve further (Irvin, 2006). According to economic data, unemployment level has decreased drastically since the start of economic recovery in the country. This situation is characterized by increased demand, growth of most of sector especially retail. In addition, economic firing has ensured favorable balance of payment in UK (Holley, 2012). The economic recovery in UK also indicates enhanced future for high streets brands since it is improving its attractiveness and survival. According to economic data, improved economic conditions in UK will attract more potential investors and retailers to high street brands business. This because of the enhance business confidence and favorable business climate in United Kingdom. Generally, all sectors of United Kingdom economy are growing considerably showing continuing creation of employment opportunities by the government, educated workforce and enhanced living standards through reduction of costs of living (Irvin, 2006). According to economic data, there are indications of enhanced consumer confidence in United Kingdom. This phenomenon is precisely defined by the current economic recovery in  Ã‚   the country. According to Holley (2012), the level of consumer confidence is high indicated by the current economic conditions in a country. The improvement in consumer confidence is also ensured due the decline in unemployment in UK which helps to boost confidence. In addition, decline in house prices has also accounted for the improved consumer confidence in UK. Consumer confidence is fundamental as it influences economic policies in a country. Considerably, increased consumer confidence in UK has caused households to opt to invest instead of savings since they are confident of better returns with the prevailing economic conditions in the country. Positive trading conditions as a result of economic growth in U.K Growth in business confidence is a major indicator that enhances economic growth. This has lead many investors in the UK to invest in many sectors since they have confidence on the business has there is a confirmed stable growth that motivates them to even invest more in other different sectors. This trading condition has highly encouraged many businesses to search for new markets in the UK and this comes a result of them many investors within and outside UK having enough confidence on what they are investing thus, these has attributed much to enormous growth in their economy. In addition, they expect growth to create a huge pace now as the recovery continues to build steadily and business investment and net trade are also expected to offer increasing support to enhance over the coming years (Trade and investment for growth, 2011). Fairtrade sales in U.K have highly increases going up to â‚ ¬2.89bn globally towards the end of 2008 (Cofnas, 2012).   On the same line with the economic growth there is a high increase in demand that helped to avoid the economic crisis and demonstrate the difference that depict with Fairtrades. Consequently, Fairtrade is highly attributed towards enhancing the economic growth in UK. Many of the latest research prevail that through the mechanisms entailed, Fairtrade grants a positive economic opportunity for those individuals with smallholder farming families competent and ready to join producer associations and provide products of the right provisions for the required market. Consequently, numerous Fairtrade co-operatives are appropriate and are becoming stronger, frequently showing a higher capacity to survive in intricate times and becoming capable to grant important services to their members. This strengthening is mainly noticeable where producer ownership supplementary along the assessment chain is attained as demonstrated by the share ownership of producers (Cofnas, 2012). Increase in supply is another positive condition that has resulted from the economic growth in the UK. This came into consideration has the government offers and subsides to those producers of the necessary goods and services which generates external benefits that will diminish the cost of production as well has encourage more supply. This has been enacted to encourage the supply of merit goods in the UK. For instance in the education sector, health and those issues dealing with the housing finance and therefore, these particular merits can easily be funded from the local government taxation or from the nongovernmental organization and this has highly contributed to the economic growth over the last few years. This is basically because they focus on the public goods, for example they concentrate on building roads, bridges, airports and other more areas that are considered to be generating more income thus showing an increase in tax revenue. In addition, the food processing industry such as Cadbury plc is among those who have heavily benefited from the positive trading conditions, thus it noted to be among the largest leading confectionary with a wide range of products. Back in 2007, the Cadbury plc closed down the keynsham chocolate factory and this lead to about jobs closed. This was enhanced by the wake of wake of the global economic crunch, however, Presently, Hershey Chocolate Company, a US based plc is making tireless efforts to acquire Cadbury so as to enjoy broad world markets due to the positive tradition conditions that have been put in place and enhanced fully. Lastly, tariffs or free trade is another indicator that has enhances economic growth in the UK.   According to the economists, when high tariff was not formulated, UK was not economically productive as it was stuck in a huge economic depression in the early years. In contrast, the tariff has currently created appropriate economy in that there is large proportion of the entire population at the same time dependent on commerce and industry sector. The imposition of free tariff has highly promoted growth of several industries. According to the economists, the persistence in economic history, it shows the free trade provides long-run conditions for growth that maybe better than any other way (Aldridge, 2013). How positive trading conditions affects approaches to strategic planning Strategic planning is the process in an organization which leads the organization to coming up with news strategies and ideas and finding for means of achieving those strategies as one way of improving an organization or company. It deals with knowing what is to be done, how it is going to be done and for what purpose and the means of doing it. Strategic planning involves understanding a company’s mission, vision, strategies, aims, objectives, goals and achievements. The tools required for this include the pestle factors example economic, social, political, legal, environmental and technological and informatics factors. The construction industry which had been affected by the economic breakdown is now improving as various business strategies are being enhanced. United Kingdom’s GDP is pushed upwardly through enhancing the positive trading conditions. The trading conditions in the United Kingdom are currently improving amidst many challenges facing the economy of Britain thus if the GDP is to move upwards then the trading conditions must be improved. Last year November, the United Kingdom’s exports had a small positive change which made the imports to decrease thus enhancing positive trading conditions which in return reflected a positive change in the GDP (Great Britain Great Britain, 2013). Change in trading conditions impacts greatly on the GDP thus it is determined by trading conditions. United Kingdom’s sterling pound is weakening which contributes to an increase in the amounts exported because of recovery in trade worldwide. Thus as the number of exports increases the GDP maintains a positive move thereby stabilizing the economy thereby maintaining the strategic planning in order to maintain that positive move in the economy. Trading conditions determines which strategies to be put in place, when they will be made, who will make those strategies and resources required for the strategies to remain successful. The United Kingdom’s trading conditions has suffered challenges over the last few years but lately the trading conditions are taking a positive direction. The manufacturers have learnt their lessons and identified their mistakes which enable them make strategic plans in order to avoid such mistakes in future. Strategic plans have been made in such a way that employment and investments remain balanced. By doing this, the economy of United Kingdom is getting boosted and the sterling pound is gaining value (Great Britain, 2007). Investors and employers are applying good strategic planning which is greatly reflected by improvement of trading conditions and economy at large. The manufacturers are now getting huge profits, importing less and exporting more which shows that the trade market is improving greatly. The United Kingdom is trying to balance its trade which is affected by a number of factors (Middleton, Rodger MacCulloch, 2008). The production cost of the exports should always remain lower than the cost of importation for the economy to remain stable. United Kingdom is strategizing that there are enough and available raw materials instead of importing them. It has put restrictions on trade in terms of taxes and made sure that the trading environment is maintained inclusive of standards of health, safety of its people and conducive environment. Foreign exchange is a key strategy and a contributing factor in the economy of the United Kingdom. The high the foreign exchange the more stable the economy is and vice versa. In addition, it has come up with the strategy of minimizing the cost of the goods sold locally and increasing the cost of its exports. In addition, it has reduced the amount of imports in the country by producing most products locally. The commercial banks and investments banks were greatly affected by the economic decline then followed by the construction and insurance firms and companies. Through the good strategies enhanced the economic started to rise and is now growing to higher standards. The merits, effectiveness and relevance of prescriptive and emergent approaches to strategic planning in this improving economic climate The effectiveness on the strategic planning is based on the ability on how managers and leaders are able to establish concrete strategies which help them attain their vision and mission in the most appropriate means possible.   Strategic planning is fundamental to address long term issues which might which might be as a result of prescriptive and emergent approaches.   During hard economic times, strategic planning is vital for organization to draw up tangible strategies capable to enable the firm to reach out its desired goals and objectives. Prescriptive strategic planning can be defined as a strategy established before the whole implementation process starts (Jeffs, 2008). The whole idea revolves around investigation, planning, development and full implementation.   This approach is vital particularly to ensure analysis of a firm is stable in relation to the economic conditions. Prescriptive strategy is more focused towards developing enough ability to predict the changes occurring on the external environment. This approach makes it achievable to systematize difficult activities and conditions as a way of addressing the current environmental changes (Friend Zehle, 2004). On the other hand, emergent approach is an appropriate alternative to the prescriptive strategic planning.   Emergent approach strategies are developed as time elapses but usually without any objectives or reasons.   This approach is a bit flexible because it allows creation of more creative and responsive process in relation to the present economic conditions.   This approach is not only important but also appropriate mainly to address the volatility evidenced in the present creative and responsive process. This approach is important because it can be easily altered in the best way possible to suit the current economic conditions (Rao, Rao Sivaramakrishna, 2008). It is also be applicable in unpredictable environment in order to address some key issues of concern.   As evidenced the climate is changing rapidly, and therefore it is important to adapt good strategies to ensure and maintain firm’s survival. Effectiveness of both prescriptive and emergent approaches is based on the ability to establish clear business objectives and aims.   The level of flexibility between different companies matters a lot in relation to adaptation of these strategies.   Evidently, firms must develop tangible strategies to tackle the current changes in the environment in order to ensure their survival.   Effectiveness of the strategic planning is based on the fact how a firm is prepared enough to handle all maters presented by economic conditions (Jeffs, 2008).   The focus towards attaining business objectives is the key driver towards establishing effective strategic plan. The numerous changes happening in both developing and emerging countries have led to establishment and diffusion of efficient strategic planning.   The effectives of both prescriptive and emergent approaches are determined by how an organization is able to polish its operations and implementation of viable strategies. In other works it can be stated as the degree at which firms are able to successfully achieve its desired objectives in the most appropriate procedural.   The effectiveness of strategic planning is closely linked with its achievements as a result of established objectives.   Basically, strategic planning is more concerned with objectives and results despite presence of economic conditions (Rao, Rao   Sivaramakrishna, 2008). Strategic planning is relevant to address all issues emerging as a result of economic trading conditions.   According to Friend and Zehle (2004), both prescriptive strategies and emergent strategies are so relevant to address the current situation as witnessed in the in the current economic climate of instability. There is need for companies and organizations to effectively implement and adapt these strategies mainly to ensure their survival.   The aim of these strategies is to ensure that an organization has proper mechanism put in place to handle changes which might be as a result of environmental changes (Jeffs, 2008). Strategic planning has gained more popularity with many companies adapting strategies with more efforts focused towards achieving the aims and objectives goals.   Evidently, strategic planning helps organizations to grow progress and successfully adapt effective strategies to address the constantly changing environment. Conclusion From the above paper it is evident that, over the past few years, UK economy has witnessed a recession period characterized by decline in positive business conditions. This period indicated unfavorable business environment due to aspects of high taxation, reduced demand and high cost of imports. The implication is widespread low imports hence attracting all trading businesses. The economic recovery in UK also indicates enhanced future for high streets brands since it is improving its attractiveness and survival. According to many indicators, UK economy appears to be emerging from the turbulence of the past five years; with its devastating impact on many businesses including well known high street brands. Strategic planning is vital to address long term issues which might which might be as a result of prescriptive and emergent approaches. Reference Aldridge, I. (2013). High-frequency trading: A practical guide to algorithmic strategies and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   trading systems. Cofnas, A. (2012). Trading binary options: Strategies and tactics. Hoboken, NJ: Bloomberg   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Press/Wiley. Friend, G., Zehle, S. (2004). Guide to business planning. London: Economist in association    with Profile Books. Great Britain. (2007). Success and failure in the UK car maunfacturing industry. London: The    Stationery Office. Great Britain., Great Britain. (2013). The future of the European Union: UK Government   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   policy : first report of session 2013-14. London: Stationery Office. Holley, D. (2012). UK economic recovery: The long road : a political thesis. Guildford: Grosvenor House. Irvin, G. W. (2006). Regaining Europe: An economic agenda for the 21st century. London:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Federal Trust for Education and Research. Jeffs, C. (2008). Strategic management. Los Angeles: SAGE. Middleton, K., Rodger, B. J., MacCulloch, A. (2008). Cases and materials on UK and EC   Ã‚   competition law. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Rao, C. A., Rao, B. P., Sivaramakrishna, K. (2008). Strategic management and business   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   policy: Texts and cases. New Delhi, India: Excel. Trade and investment for growth. (2011). London: Stationery Office.

Hackers Good or Evil :: Essays Papers

Hackers Good or Evil Imagine this, you are driving along the road and suddenly you see something spectacular. Now imagine that you are not allowed to deviate from your course to check it out. This is what a so-called â€Å"hacker† faces. Just imagine that you saw an injured person on the side of the road. In this analogy you are not allowed to help the injured person. A hacker is not allowed to explore like everyone else in the world. A hacker is not allowed to help fix potential security holes. The term hacker can have many meanings. The most visible to the public is the person pirating software, and breaking into corporate networks and destroying information. This is the public misconception of a hacker. Back in the Unix days, a hack was simply a quick and dirty way of doing something. Hackers in those days were basically just computer experts. Nowadays hacker means the same thing as a cracker, a person who pirates software, and malicious hackers. The media, of course, never prints the good thin gs hackers do. Most hackers provide a service to companies, by letting the company know about security holes, before a rival exploits it. Most hackers want nothing more than to simply learn. A hacker has an extreme thirst for knowledge, but not in the traditional subjects. Technology, and anything new interest hackers. In fact most security experts start out but learning and â€Å"hacking†. The bad view of hackers is not completely false. There are hackers out there that will do there best to harm any system hey can, but most want nothing more than to find the beauty in system, or network. To hackers vast networks, and the inside of a firewall that was meant to keep them out, are the most beautiful sights on Earth. In every aspect of life there are people who exploit others. Murders, robbers, or any other criminals come from every walk of life. Even hackers have some, but like the general population, it is a small percentage. Most people would call the whole Linux community hackers, because anyone who has the knowledge to run Unix must be a hacker. This show what good hackers can do. The entire Unix GNU community is run by hackers. They all contribute toward a free operating system. They all work out the bugs, and then distribute it for free. Hackers got tired of paying for an OS that did not work well.

No Fear Shakespeare Essay

In English class, everyone lets out loud groans when they hear about their next units: Shakespeare. With the class complaining about the hard language and the difficulty of understanding the plays, the teacher might grow exasperated and let them read the infamously talked about book No Fear Shakespeare. The teachers are doing question thing when they keep a supplementary text with the original. Yes, 15th century Elizabethan era is a tad difficult to understand, but that is one of the beauties of Shakespeare. No Fear has a good translation but is missing a few key elements such as symbolism, poetry, allusions, and other literary techniques. I think the original version is much better than the translated version because it has more appeal. No Fear Shakespeare is a series of translations of the Bard’s famous works to the modern-day language that is used today to make it easier to understand. I must admit that the translation is well written and is a much easier read than the original. No fear should be used for non-English speakers to read along but still have the original. Shakespeare’s language is broken down in the translation and takes away the finesse the original has. In the first soliloquy of infamously â€Å"emo-tastic† Hamlet, his first line in the speech is â€Å"Oh, what a rogue and peasant slave am I! † in the original as opposed to the translated one that says â€Å"Now I’m alone. Oh what a mean low-life I am! † Now compare them and see which sounds more poetic and more passionate. Shakespeare has a way of making such a self-loathing speech sound so passionately powerful and beautiful. The translated version is too literal while Shakespeare was all about the symbolisms and metaphors that was his trademark. In this famous â€Å"to be or not to be† speech is another example. â€Å"To be or not to be? That is the question. † Is destroyed with â€Å"the question is: is it better to be alive or dead? † The point of that line is to be used for a variety of situations it has been taken too seriously. It’s more poetic and a bit dramatic (in a good way) to say â€Å"to be or not to be† rather than â€Å"should I kill myself to end all the hardships or just live with it miserably? † It’s almost as if Shakespeare’s version is a pretty girl who wears a lot of make-up and looks attractive until you see her without the make-up and see what she actually looks like unmasked so to speak when it is taken into No Fear Shakespeare. The last line of this speech is worse saying â€Å"But shh, here comes the beautiful Ophelia. Pretty lady; please remember me when you pray. Instead the original â€Å"The fair Ophelia-Nymph, in thy orisons be all my sins remembered. † The allusion to Greek mythology is one of the things that make Shakespeare’s work significant because his world was controlled by the monotheistic Roman Church. He uses a polytheistic religion for his allusions but No fear gets rid of some of it to make it more comprehensible. The No Fear Shakespeare series should not be taught in regular English speaking class because it takes away the symbolism, rhyme, and beauty of the literature. It should be used as a reference outside of school. As one of my friend said â€Å"the teacher is supposed to teach you what it means and if you don’t get that then you can use the book translation. † I agree with this completely. They’re supposed to be teaching Shakespeare to enlighten the students in ways that connects to them. If they have a bad teacher that is when the translator is depended on to teach what Shakespeare is writing. If the language was better understood by students you’d be able to realize that the themes and plots are so relatable. What teenager doesn’t relate to Hamlet with his depression or with his feeling of being misunderstood? As Alexandra Petri’s article â€Å"On the Bard’s Birthday: Is Shakespeare Still Relevant? † it states â€Å"If we want to do a modern staging of his work, we’ll have to stipulate that ‘In fair Verona, where we lay our scene/the cell reception was spotty/from ancient grudge that brake AT&T. † Sure we can’t exactly relate because most teens have cell phones to communicate, but it gives us a feel of if this was to happen in the â€Å"electronically deprived† centuries. It gives a link from the 21st century to the 15th century. The translation’s text book definition of Shakespeare does not give you that link, it just tells a story; it doesn’t have meaning behind it. Shakespeare has great insults as well, so why insult in modern language when you can confuse a fellow peer with beautiful Elizabethan. We shouldn’t fear Shakespeare we should learn to love him. He brings beauty and richness into literature that no other could do, especially in this age. He is thought to be a genius of the theatre. He has this originality that has influenced a lot of famous authors of modern-day literature so I say â€Å"Long live Shakespeare! †

Pursuing a Career in Counseling Essay - 872 Words

The choices we make early in life have an enormous impact on our future. I have always known that I wanted to directly impact people’s lives and my personal experiences have set me on the school-counseling path. In the future, I would love to influence another generation of students to soar for their dreams. During the past three years of college, my interest in counseling has been affirmed through a variety of experiences. One important experience that influenced my decision to pursue a career as a school counselor was my involvement in my community service sorority, Chi Delta Alpha. Through Chi Delta Alpha, I volunteered on several occasions, among them I babysat children to provide parents with a night off; I was responsible for a†¦show more content†¦The first psychology class that I enrolled in was an elective. After taking the class, I realized that psychology is relevant to every individual’s life and during my course of study, test anxiety and effects of divorce in adolescence caught my interest. Test anxiety has interested me since I took the SAT in high school. I had excellent grades in school, but I was concerned about my chances of getting into the college of my choice due to my low SAT score. I would like to work with students to find ways to relieve this anxiety and offset low-test scores. I first became interested in the effects of divorce after my parents separated during my freshman year of college and I observed my siblings and my different reactions to the event. After watching my brother shut down because of the divorce, I realized that many people react to stressful events differently and I want to work with students to cope with such situations in a positive fashion. Because of my interest in the effects of divorce during the teenage years, the research being conducted by Dr. Griffin and Dr. Galassi on family-school partnerships attracts me to the University of North Carolina. After reading Dr. Griffin’s arti cle, â€Å"School Counselors and Collaboration: Finding Resources through Community Asset Mapping†, I know community asset mapping would be beneficial to students because of the importance of family on anShow MoreRelatedAn Interview With A Counselor Essay1381 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction Counseling is defined as †the use of therapeutic strategies to help clients address personal concerns and mental health issues† (Nystul, 2016). Pursuing counseling as a career involves many years of formal study and certification or licensure. After receiving licensure to practice as a professional counselors it is a requirement to maintain involvement and certification in certain associations in order to hold your license. 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